Abstract
To understand the phenotypic response to mitigate stress tolerance for achieving maximum mean productivity, a comparative study of four synthetic PGRs—Abscisic Acid (ABA), Naphthyl Acetic Acid (NAA), Salicylic Acid (SA), and Fusaric Acid (FA)—was conducted as a pot experiment against artificially inoculated Fusarium oxysporum (a wilt pathogen) and cold exposure in four chickpea varieties. Additionally, the relationship between traits and PGRS application was looked at to evaluate their role in the stress tolerance mechanism. The results showed that ABA at 5 and 2 ppm was effective in delaying flowering, therefore extending the vegetative development phase in plants. In this way, flowering promotes stress tolerance while evading the damaging impacts of wilting and cold. This resulted in a lower percentage of wilt and a reduced incidence of cold compared to all other treatments, which raised mean productivity. The use of ABA at 5 and 2 ppm has been shown to positively correlate with both the prolongation of vegetative development and the delay of flowering. But fusaric acid (FA), a fungal toxin, is what caused early flowering, which allowed the flower to coincide with the development of wilt and cold. The occurrence of wilt at seedling and cold during flowering accelerated the incidence of wilt and cold, which led to a reduced mean productivity after giving fusaric acid (FA) @ 10 and 20 ppm. According to the investigation, the application of fusaric acid (FA) at 10 and 20 ppm was found to be positively and highly correlated with an increase in the incidence of wilt and cold and consequently negatively correlated with the mechanism possessed by ABA at 5 and 2 ppm.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
ABA at 5 and 2 ppm delayed flowering in chickpea
- Taxon
- Chickpea
Cicer arietinumt0 - Treatment
- ABA at 5 and 2 ppme1
- Outcome
- floweringe1
- Direction
- delayinge1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The results showed that ABA at 5 and 2 ppm was effective in delaying flowering, therefore extending the vegetative development phase in plants”
t0“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA at 5 and 2 ppm gave a lower percentage of wilt in chickpea than all other treatments
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- ABA at 5 and 2 ppme1
- Interactor
- Fusarium oxysporum
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium oxysporume0pathogen - Outcome
- percentage of wilte2
- Direction
- lowere2
- Comparator
- all other treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“against artificially inoculated Fusarium oxysporum (a wilt pathogen) and cold exposure in four chickpea varieties”
e1“The results showed that ABA at 5 and 2 ppm was effective in delaying flowering, therefore extending the vegetative development phase in plants”
e2“This resulted in a lower percentage of wilt and a reduced incidence of cold compared to all other treatments, which raised mean productivity”
t0“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA at 5 and 2 ppm reduced the incidence of cold in chickpea compared with all other treatments
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- ABA at 5 and 2 ppme1
- Outcome
- incidence of colde2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Comparator
- all other treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The results showed that ABA at 5 and 2 ppm was effective in delaying flowering, therefore extending the vegetative development phase in plants”
e2“This resulted in a lower percentage of wilt and a reduced incidence of cold compared to all other treatments, which raised mean productivity”
t0“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA at 5 and 2 ppm raised mean productivity of chickpea
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- ABA at 5 and 2 ppme1
- Outcome
- mean productivitye2
- Direction
- raisede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The results showed that ABA at 5 and 2 ppm was effective in delaying flowering, therefore extending the vegetative development phase in plants”
e2“This resulted in a lower percentage of wilt and a reduced incidence of cold compared to all other treatments, which raised mean productivity”
t0“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA at 5 and 2 ppm was positively correlated with prolonged vegetative development and delayed flowering in chickpea
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- ABA at 5 and 2 ppme3
- Outcome
- prolongation of vegetative development and the delay of floweringe3
- Direction
- positively correlatee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The use of ABA at 5 and 2 ppm has been shown to positively correlate with both the prolongation of vegetative development and the delay of flowering”
t0“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusaric acid caused early flowering in chickpea, so flowering coincided with wilt and cold
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- fusaric acid (FA)e4
- Outcome
- early floweringe4
- Direction
- causede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“But fusaric acid (FA), a fungal toxin, is what caused early flowering, which allowed the flower to coincide with the development of wilt and cold”
t0“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusaric acid at 10 and 20 ppm was positively correlated with an increase in the incidence of wilt and cold in chickpea
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- fusaric acid (FA) at 10 and 20 ppme5
- Outcome
- incidence of wilt and colde5
- Direction
- increasee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“the application of fusaric acid (FA) at 10 and 20 ppm was found to be positively and highly correlated with an increase in the incidence of wilt and cold”
t0“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusaric acid at 10 and 20 ppm was negatively correlated with the mechanism possessed by ABA
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- fusaric acid (FA) at 10 and 20 ppme5
- Outcome
- the mechanism possessed by ABAe6
- Direction
- negatively correlatede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“the application of fusaric acid (FA) at 10 and 20 ppm was found to be positively and highly correlated with an increase in the incidence of wilt and cold”
e6“consequently negatively correlated with the mechanism possessed by ABA at 5 and 2 ppm”
t0“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusaric acid at 10 and 20 ppm was followed by a reduced mean productivity of chickpea
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- fusaric acid (FA) @ 10 and 20 ppme7
- Outcome
- mean productivitye7
- Direction
- reducede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“which led to a reduced mean productivity after giving fusaric acid (FA) @ 10 and 20 ppm”
t0“Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”
The same questions in other papers
(+)-abscisic acid · phenology · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
(+)-abscisic acid · Fusarium oxysporum · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Fusaric acid · phenology · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
(+)-abscisic acid · yield · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.