Abstract
The primary objective of this work was to generate species-specific information about root architectural adaptations to simulated natural levels of arsenic (As) during the establishment phase and onset of storage root formation in sweetpotato. Cultivars Bayou Belle and Beauregard were grown on sand substrate and provided with 0.5X Hoagland’s nutrient solution with varying levels of As (0, 5, 10, or 15 mg⋅L −1 ). During the first experiment, entire root systems were sampled at 5, 10, and 15 days, corresponding to key adventitious root developmental stages. Compared with the untreated controls at 15 days, ‘Bayou Belle’ and ‘Beauregard’ provided with 15 mg⋅L −1 As showed respective increases in the following root architectural attributes: 168% and 130% in main root length; 168% and 98% in lateral root length; and 140% and 50% in lateral root density. A second experiment was performed to produce storage root samples at 50 days. Storage root length, width, and length/width ratio did not vary with As levels. The accumulation of As in storage roots increased with increasing As levels. The results support the hypothesis that natural As levels stimulate adventitious root development in sweetpotato in a cultivar-dependent manner. The observations are consistent with findings of other species that show similar growth stimulation at low As levels. This is the first report of sweetpotato root system architecture responses to experimental levels of As that are known to be present in agricultural soils. Standardization of experimental procedures and understanding of root system adaptations to natural levels of As could lead to a more systematic exploitation of genome-wide techniques and characterization of the molecular basis of reduced As uptake in plants.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Bayou Belle main root length increased 168% under 15 mg⋅L −1 As compared with untreated controls at 15 days.
- Taxon
- Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.)
_Flower.jpg?width=60)
Ipomoea batatast0 - Material
- Bayou Bellee1
- Treatment
- 15 mg⋅L −1 Ase1
- Outcome
- main root lengthe1
- Direction
- increasese1
- Value
- 168%e1
- Comparator
- untreated controls at 15 dayse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Flower.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Two Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Cultivars”
e1“Compared with the untreated controls at 15 days, ‘Bayou Belle’ and ‘Beauregard’ provided with 15 mg⋅L −1 As showed respective increases in the following root architectural attributes: 168% and 130% in main root length; 168% and 98% in lateral root length; and 140% and 50% in lateral root density”
Claim · model-written summary
Beauregard main root length increased 130% under 15 mg⋅L −1 As compared with untreated controls at 15 days.
- Taxon
- Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.)Ipomoea batatast0
- Material
- Beauregarde1
- Treatment
- 15 mg⋅L −1 Ase1
- Outcome
- main root lengthe1
- Direction
- increasese1
- Value
- 130%e1
- Comparator
- untreated controls at 15 dayse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Two Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Cultivars”
e1“Compared with the untreated controls at 15 days, ‘Bayou Belle’ and ‘Beauregard’ provided with 15 mg⋅L −1 As showed respective increases in the following root architectural attributes: 168% and 130% in main root length; 168% and 98% in lateral root length; and 140% and 50% in lateral root density”
Claim · model-written summary
Bayou Belle lateral root length increased 168% under 15 mg⋅L −1 As compared with untreated controls at 15 days.
- Taxon
- Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.)Ipomoea batatast0
- Material
- Bayou Bellee1
- Treatment
- 15 mg⋅L −1 Ase1
- Outcome
- lateral root lengthe1
- Direction
- increasese1
- Value
- 168%e1
- Comparator
- untreated controls at 15 dayse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Two Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Cultivars”
e1“Compared with the untreated controls at 15 days, ‘Bayou Belle’ and ‘Beauregard’ provided with 15 mg⋅L −1 As showed respective increases in the following root architectural attributes: 168% and 130% in main root length; 168% and 98% in lateral root length; and 140% and 50% in lateral root density”
Claim · model-written summary
Beauregard lateral root length increased 98% under 15 mg⋅L −1 As compared with untreated controls at 15 days.
- Taxon
- Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.)Ipomoea batatast0
- Material
- Beauregarde1
- Treatment
- 15 mg⋅L −1 Ase1
- Outcome
- lateral root lengthe1
- Direction
- increasese1
- Value
- 98%e1
- Comparator
- untreated controls at 15 dayse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Two Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Cultivars”
e1“Compared with the untreated controls at 15 days, ‘Bayou Belle’ and ‘Beauregard’ provided with 15 mg⋅L −1 As showed respective increases in the following root architectural attributes: 168% and 130% in main root length; 168% and 98% in lateral root length; and 140% and 50% in lateral root density”
Claim · model-written summary
Bayou Belle lateral root density increased 140% under 15 mg⋅L −1 As compared with untreated controls at 15 days.
- Taxon
- Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.)Ipomoea batatast0
- Material
- Bayou Bellee1
- Treatment
- 15 mg⋅L −1 Ase1
- Outcome
- lateral root densitye1
- Direction
- increasese1
- Value
- 140%e1
- Comparator
- untreated controls at 15 dayse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Two Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Cultivars”
e1“Compared with the untreated controls at 15 days, ‘Bayou Belle’ and ‘Beauregard’ provided with 15 mg⋅L −1 As showed respective increases in the following root architectural attributes: 168% and 130% in main root length; 168% and 98% in lateral root length; and 140% and 50% in lateral root density”
Claim · model-written summary
Beauregard lateral root density increased 50% under 15 mg⋅L −1 As compared with untreated controls at 15 days.
- Taxon
- Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.)Ipomoea batatast0
- Material
- Beauregarde1
- Treatment
- 15 mg⋅L −1 Ase1
- Outcome
- lateral root densitye1
- Direction
- increasese1
- Value
- 50%e1
- Comparator
- untreated controls at 15 dayse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Two Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Cultivars”
e1“Compared with the untreated controls at 15 days, ‘Bayou Belle’ and ‘Beauregard’ provided with 15 mg⋅L −1 As showed respective increases in the following root architectural attributes: 168% and 130% in main root length; 168% and 98% in lateral root length; and 140% and 50% in lateral root density”
Claim · model-written summary
Storage root length, width and length/width ratio did not vary with arsenic levels.
- Taxon
- Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.)Ipomoea batatast0
- Treatment
- As levelse2
- Outcome
- Storage root length, width, and length/width ratioe2
- Direction
- did not varye2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Two Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Cultivars”
e2“Storage root length, width, and length/width ratio did not vary with As levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Arsenic accumulation in storage roots increased with increasing arsenic levels.
- Taxon
- Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.)Ipomoea batatast0
- Treatment
- increasing As levelse3
- Outcome
- accumulation of As in storage rootse3
- Direction
- increasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Two Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Cultivars”
e3“The accumulation of As in storage roots increased with increasing As levels”