Abstract
Resin and essential oil from Sumatran camphor (Dryobalanops aromatica) contains efficacious aromatic compounds for medicine, preservatives, perfumery, and others. Unfortunately, camphor production still relies on harvesting the crystallized resin, whereas essential oils and hydrosols from leaves and resin extraction have never been applied domestically. The objective of the research was to evaluate the essential oils and hydrosol productivity from the leaves and liquid camphor resin distillation. The material used was young leaves collected from Aek Nauli's experimental garden in North Sumatra, Indonesia, while the crystallized resin was gathered from natural stands in Subulussalam, Aceh. Three replicates of each of two resin qualities and three levels of leaf youth were applied. Conventionally, camphor crystals or oils are produced by cutting, splitting, or notching the stem of standing trees and collecting the fluids that exudes from the wounded resinous channel. This method produces approximately 1.0–3.5 kg of crystals or 500–1,500 ml of oil. Liquid resin and leaf extraction can be employed for essential oil and hydrosol production. Essential oils and hydrosols can be produced using liquid resin and leaf distillation. At the end of steam distillation, the resin produces 2.68–12.1% essential oil and 5.2-28.31% hydrosol. Leaf biomass also contains 0.24–0.76% essential oil. Considering that leaves have been underutilized, essential oils and hydrosol production are promising to optimize the productivity of this non-timber forest product.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional stem harvesting produces about 1.0–3.5 kg crystals.
- Taxon
- Sumatran camphor (Dryobalanops aromatica)
Dryobalanops aromaticat0 - Outcome
- crystalse0
- Value
- 1.0–3.5 kge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This method produces approximately 1.0–3.5 kg of crystals or 500–1,500 ml of oil.”
t0“Sumatran camphor (Dryobalanops aromatica)”
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional stem harvesting produces about 500–1,500 ml oil.
- Taxon
- Sumatran camphor (Dryobalanops aromatica)Dryobalanops aromaticat0
- Outcome
- oile0
- Value
- 500–1,500 mle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This method produces approximately 1.0–3.5 kg of crystals or 500–1,500 ml of oil.”
t0“Sumatran camphor (Dryobalanops aromatica)”
Claim · model-written summary
Steam distilled resin yielded 2.68–12.1% essential oil.
- Taxon
- Sumatran camphor (Dryobalanops aromatica)Dryobalanops aromaticat0
- Organ / stage
- resine0
- Outcome
- essential oile0
- Value
- 2.68–12.1%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the end of steam distillation, the resin produces 2.68–12.1% essential oil and 5.2-28.31% hydrosol.”
t0“Sumatran camphor (Dryobalanops aromatica)”
Claim · model-written summary
Steam distilled resin yielded 5.2-28.31% hydrosol.
- Taxon
- Sumatran camphor (Dryobalanops aromatica)Dryobalanops aromaticat0
- Organ / stage
- resine0
- Outcome
- hydrosole0
- Value
- 5.2-28.31%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the end of steam distillation, the resin produces 2.68–12.1% essential oil and 5.2-28.31% hydrosol.”
t0“Sumatran camphor (Dryobalanops aromatica)”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf biomass contained 0.24–0.76% essential oil.
- Taxon
- Sumatran camphor (Dryobalanops aromatica)Dryobalanops aromaticat0
- Organ / stage
- Leaf biomasse0
- Outcome
- essential oile0
- Value
- 0.24–0.76%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf biomass also contains 0.24–0.76% essential oil.”
t0“Sumatran camphor (Dryobalanops aromatica)”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors suggest oil and hydrosol production from underused leaves to improve non timber forest product productivity.
- Taxon
- Sumatran camphor (Dryobalanops aromatica)Dryobalanops aromaticat0
- Outcome
- essential oils and hydrosol productione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“essential oils and hydrosol production are promising to optimize the productivity of this non-timber forest product”
t0“Sumatran camphor (Dryobalanops aromatica)”