Abstract
Rust disease poses a major threat to global agriculture and forestry. It is caused by types of Pucciniales, which often require alternate hosts for their life cycles. Nyssopsora cedrelae was previously identified as a rust pathogen on Toona sinensis in East and Southeast Asia. Although this species had been reported to be autoecious, completing its life cycle solely on T. sinensis, we hypothesized that it has a heteroecious life cycle, requiring an alternate host, since the spermogonial and aecial stages on Aralia elata, a plant native to East Asia, are frequently observed around the same area where N. cedrelae causes rust disease on T. sinensis. Upon collecting rust samples from both A. elata and T. sinensis, we confirmed that the rust species from both tree species exhibited matching internal transcribed spacer (ITS), large subunit (LSU) rDNA, and cytochrome oxidase subunit III (CO3) mtDNA sequences. Through cross-inoculations, we verified that aeciospores from A. elata produced a uredinial stage on T. sinensis. This study is the first report to clarify A. elata as an alternate host for N. cedrelae, thus providing initial evidence that the Nyssopsora species exhibits a heteroecious life cycle.
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Claims 3
Claim · model-written summary
Rust from Aralia elata and Toona sinensis had matching ITS, LSU and CO3 sequences.
- Taxon
- A. elata
Aralia elatae0 - Interactor
- rust speciese0pathogen
- Outcome
- matching internal transcribed spacer (ITS), large subunit (LSU) rDNA, and cytochrome oxidase subunit III (CO3) mtDNA sequencese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Upon collecting rust samples from both A. elata and T. sinensis, we confirmed that the rust species from both tree species exhibited matching internal transcribed spacer (ITS), large subunit (LSU) rDNA, and cytochrome oxidase subunit III (CO3) mtDNA sequences.”
Claim · model-written summary
Aeciospores from Aralia elata produced the uredinial stage on Toona sinensis in cross-inoculations.
- Taxon
- T. sinensis
Toona sinensise0 - Treatment
- aeciospores from A. elatae0
- Interactor
- aeciosporese0pathogen
- Outcome
- produced a uredinial stagee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Through cross-inoculations, we verified that aeciospores from A. elata produced a uredinial stage on T. sinensis.”
Claim · model-written summary
Aralia elata is an alternate host for Nyssopsora cedrelae, supporting a heteroecious life cycle.
- Taxon
- A. elataAralia elatae0
- Interactor
- N. cedrelaeNyssopsora cedrelaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- alternate host for N. cedrelaee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This study is the first report to clarify A. elata as an alternate host for N. cedrelae, thus providing initial evidence that the Nyssopsora species exhibits a heteroecious life cycle.”