Abstract
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate plant extracts for antifungal activities against Phythopthorainfestans (Mont.) de Bary, an important pathogen of potato which causes late blight disease. Acetone, ethyl acetate and water extracts of garlic (Allium sativum L.), Pawpaw (Carica papaya), Neem (Azadirachta indica), Mexican marigold (Tagetes minuta) and peri –winkle (Vinca rosea) were screened in vitro for their antifungal activities against Phythopthora infestans using the discagar infusion and microtitre doubledilution techniques. The same extracts were then tested for antifungal activity in vivo in the greenhouse on inoculated potato plants. The water extracts of Allium sativum and Azadirachta indica were active against Phythopthora infestans and had aminimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) of 1.65 mg/ml. MICs of Allium sativum, Azadirachtaindica and Tagetes minuta acetone extracts were 0.78, 3.13 and 6.5 mg/ml respectively against Phytophthora infestans. Allium sativum and Azadirachta indica water and acetone extracts performed well and they effectively reduced potato late blight in the greenhouse. These extracts compared well with the reductions due to application of Ridomil, a synthetic fungicide applied at 42.5g/l (active ingredient) and also with levels in the non-inoculated control. Allium sativumandAzadirachta indica were effective both in vitro and in vivo in controlling late blight have a potential to be used as fungicides against the disease. The plants are readily available and the extractionmethod is also simple and could lead to high adoption as fungicides by resource poor farmers.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Water extracts of Allium sativum and Azadirachta indica were active against Phytophthora infestans, with a MIC of 1.65 mg/ml.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosume0 - Treatment
- water extracts of Allium sativum and Azadirachta indicae2
- Interactor
- Phythopthora infestanse2pathogen
- Outcome
- active against Phythopthora infestanse2
- Value
- 1.65 mg/mle2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an important pathogen of potato which causes late blight disease”
e2“The water extracts of Allium sativum and Azadirachta indica were active against Phythopthora infestans and had aminimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) of 1.65 mg/ml”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetone extract of Allium sativum had a MIC of 0.78 mg/ml against Phytophthora infestans.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- Allium sativume3
- Interactor
- Phytophthora infestans
Phytophthora infestanse3pathogen - Outcome
- MICse3
- Value
- 0.78e3
- Qualifier
- acetone extractse3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an important pathogen of potato which causes late blight disease”
e3“MICs of Allium sativum, Azadirachta indica and Tagetes minuta acetone extracts were 0.78, 3.13 and 6.5 mg/ml respectively against Phytophthora infestans”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetone extract of Azadirachta indica had a MIC of 3.13 mg/ml against Phytophthora infestans.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- Azadirachta indicae3
- Interactor
- Phytophthora infestansPhytophthora infestanse3pathogen
- Outcome
- MICse3
- Value
- 3.13e3
- Qualifier
- acetone extractse3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an important pathogen of potato which causes late blight disease”
e3“MICs of Allium sativum, Azadirachta indica and Tagetes minuta acetone extracts were 0.78, 3.13 and 6.5 mg/ml respectively against Phytophthora infestans”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetone extract of Tagetes minuta had a MIC of 6.5 mg/ml against Phytophthora infestans.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- Tagetes minutae3
- Interactor
- Phytophthora infestansPhytophthora infestanse3pathogen
- Outcome
- MICse3
- Value
- 6.5e3
- Qualifier
- acetone extractse3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an important pathogen of potato which causes late blight disease”
e3“MICs of Allium sativum, Azadirachta indica and Tagetes minuta acetone extracts were 0.78, 3.13 and 6.5 mg/ml respectively against Phytophthora infestans”
Claim · model-written summary
Water and acetone extracts of Allium sativum and Azadirachta indica performed well and reduced potato late blight in the greenhouse.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- water and acetone extractse4
- Interactor
- Phythopthorainfestanse1pathogen
- Outcome
- late blighte4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Qualifier
- performed welle4
- Setting
- greenhousee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an important pathogen of potato which causes late blight disease”
e1“evaluate plant extracts for antifungal activities against Phythopthorainfestans”
e4“Allium sativum and Azadirachta indica water and acetone extracts performed well and they effectively reduced potato late blight in the greenhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
Extracts of Allium sativum and Azadirachta indica compared well with the late blight reductions from the synthetic fungicide Ridomil.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- extractse5
- Outcome
- reductionse5
- Direction
- compared welle5
- Qualifier
- and also with levels in the non-inoculated controle5
- Comparator
- Ridomile5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an important pathogen of potato which causes late blight disease”
e5“These extracts compared well with the reductions due to application of Ridomil, a synthetic fungicide applied at 42.5g/l (active ingredient) and also with levels in the non-inoculated control”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend that Allium sativum and Azadirachta indica extracts be used as fungicides against potato late blight.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Outcome
- used as fungicides against the diseasee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an important pathogen of potato which causes late blight disease”
e6“have a potential to be used as fungicides against the disease”
The same questions in other papers
Azadirachta indica · Phytophthora infestans · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Allium sativum · Phytophthora infestans · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →botanical · disease · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results
64 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- negative
66 papers more in this group
See all 70 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.