Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate maize production and the economic profitability of weed management techniques. Field trials were conducted at the Kasapa farm during the 2021/22 growing seasons using a split-plot design with three repetitions. The main factor was the herbicides applied in pre-emergence alone (2L ha−1: acetochlor, bentazon, imazethapyr and 60 g ha−1 chlorimuron-ethyl), then mixed (1L ha−1: acetochlor plus bentazon plus imazethapyr plus 30g ha−1chlorimuron-ethyl), manual hoeing (3-5WAS) including the non-weeding. The secondary factor: maize varieties (GV672A, GV673A, GV664A and Sam4vita). The highest maize dry grain yield (7.66 t ha−1) was associated with imazethapyr, while those of acetochlor and chlorimuron-ethyl (6.86 and 6.92 t ha−1) compared to manual hoeing (7.62 t ha−1, respectively) were low, but much higher than no weeding (1.21 t ha−1). The yields of varieties GV672A and GV664A were higher (6.87 and 6.77 t ha−1), compared to Sam4vita (5.64 t ha−1). The total dry weight of weeds was negatively correlated with all crop parameters, with its maximum value (127.56 g m−2) characterizing non-weeding, and the minimum for manual hoeing (18.83 g m−2). The Ratio Cost Value showed that all treatments were profitable: imazethapyr > bentazon > chlorimuron-ethyl > combination > acetochlor > manual hoeing. However, imazethapyr was economically more profitable and could replace manual hoeing when the field to be weeded increases and labor is scarce.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr was associated with the highest maize dry grain yield.
- Treatment
- imazethapyre2
- Outcome
- maize dry grain yielde2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 7.66 t ha−1e2
- Setting
- Kasapa farme1
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate maize production and the economic profitability of weed management techniques”
e1“Field trials were conducted at the Kasapa farm during the 2021/22 growing seasons”
e2“The highest maize dry grain yield (7.66 t ha−1) was associated with imazethapyr”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetochlor and chlorimuron-ethyl gave low maize yields compared with manual hoeing.
- Treatment
- acetochlor and chlorimuron-ethyle3
- Outcome
- maize dry grain yielde2
- Direction
- lowe3
- Value
- 6.86 and 6.92 t ha−1e3
- Qualifier
- 7.62 t ha−1e3
- Comparator
- manual hoeinge3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate maize production and the economic profitability of weed management techniques”
e2“The highest maize dry grain yield (7.66 t ha−1) was associated with imazethapyr”
e3“while those of acetochlor and chlorimuron-ethyl (6.86 and 6.92 t ha−1) compared to manual hoeing (7.62 t ha−1, respectively) were low, but much higher than no weeding (1.21 t ha−1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetochlor and chlorimuron-ethyl gave much higher maize yields than no weeding.
- Treatment
- acetochlor and chlorimuron-ethyle3
- Outcome
- maize dry grain yielde2
- Direction
- much highere3
- Qualifier
- 1.21 t ha−1e3
- Comparator
- no weedinge3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate maize production and the economic profitability of weed management techniques”
e2“The highest maize dry grain yield (7.66 t ha−1) was associated with imazethapyr”
e3“while those of acetochlor and chlorimuron-ethyl (6.86 and 6.92 t ha−1) compared to manual hoeing (7.62 t ha−1, respectively) were low, but much higher than no weeding (1.21 t ha−1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize varieties GV672A and GV664A yielded higher than Sam4vita.
- Material
- GV672A and GV664Ae4
- Outcome
- yieldse4
- Direction
- highere4
- Value
- 6.87 and 6.77 t ha−1e4
- Qualifier
- 5.64 t ha−1e4
- Comparator
- Sam4vitae4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate maize production and the economic profitability of weed management techniques”
e4“The yields of varieties GV672A and GV664A were higher (6.87 and 6.77 t ha−1), compared to Sam4vita (5.64 t ha−1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Total dry weight of weeds was negatively correlated with all maize crop parameters.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate maize production and the economic profitability of weed management techniques”
e5“The total dry weight of weeds was negatively correlated with all crop parameters”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-weeded plots had the maximum weed dry weight of 127.56 g m−2.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate maize production and the economic profitability of weed management techniques”
e5“The total dry weight of weeds was negatively correlated with all crop parameters”
e6“with its maximum value (127.56 g m−2) characterizing non-weeding, and the minimum for manual hoeing (18.83 g m−2)”
Claim · model-written summary
Manual hoeing had the minimum weed dry weight of 18.83 g m−2.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate maize production and the economic profitability of weed management techniques”
e5“The total dry weight of weeds was negatively correlated with all crop parameters”
e6“with its maximum value (127.56 g m−2) characterizing non-weeding, and the minimum for manual hoeing (18.83 g m−2)”
Claim · model-written summary
All weed management treatments were profitable by the Ratio Cost Value.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate maize production and the economic profitability of weed management techniques”
e7“The Ratio Cost Value showed that all treatments were profitable: imazethapyr > bentazon > chlorimuron-ethyl > combination > acetochlor > manual hoeing”
Claim · model-written summary
Ratio Cost Value ranking of weed management treatments is imazethapyr > bentazon > chlorimuron-ethyl > combination > acetochlor > manual hoeing.
- Outcome
- Ratio Cost Valuee7
- Qualifier
- imazethapyr > bentazon > chlorimuron-ethyl > combination > acetochlor > manual hoeinge7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate maize production and the economic profitability of weed management techniques”
e7“The Ratio Cost Value showed that all treatments were profitable: imazethapyr > bentazon > chlorimuron-ethyl > combination > acetochlor > manual hoeing”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr could replace manual hoeing for weeding when the field area increases and labour is scarce.
- Treatment
- imazethapyre7
- Outcome
- replace manual hoeinge7
- Qualifier
- when the field to be weeded increases and labor is scarcee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate maize production and the economic profitability of weed management techniques”
e7“However, imazethapyr was economically more profitable and could replace manual hoeing when the field to be weeded increases and labor is scarce”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr was economically more profitable than the other weed management treatments.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate maize production and the economic profitability of weed management techniques”
e7“However, imazethapyr was economically more profitable and could replace manual hoeing when the field to be weeded increases and labor is scarce”
The same questions in other papers
acetochlor · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.