Abstract
Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) can provide the necessary nitrogen for bean crops; however, for this to occur, important limitations involving the inoculant application technology need to be overcome.The use of co-inoculation is a management technique used to obtain benefits and increase the potential of N2 fixation from the association between bacteria from the rhizobia group, such as R. tropici, and bacteria that promote plant growth, such as A. brasilense, in association with the addition of nutrients that allow greater efficiency of bacteria fixing atmospheric N2. This study aimed to evaluate the bean response to the reinoculation of R. tropici in co-inoculation with A. brasilense in a mixture with the micronutrients Co/Mo, in the winter season of 2021, in Anápolis-GO, Brazil. A randomized block design was used, with four replications, and the following treatments (TRs) were studied: TR1—reinoculation with R. tropici; TR2—reinoculation with co-inoculation of R. tropici + A. brasilense; TR3—reinoculation of R. tropici + Mo/Co micronutrients; TR4—reinoculation with co-inoculation R. tropici + A. brasilense + Mo/Co micronutrients; TR5—inoculation via seed, without reinoculation; TR6—mineral N fertilization in the sowing furrow and topdressing; TR7—control, without any N source. At stage R6, nodulation characteristics (number and dry mass of nodules) and the morphophysiological parameters of the plants (main root length, root dry mass, plant height, shoot dry mass, leaf area, and leaf N content in the shoot) were evaluated. At harvest, the final plant stand and components (number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, and average weight of one hundred grains) were determined, in addition to grain yield. It was concluded that inoculation followed by reinoculation in topdressing with R. tropici in co-inoculation with A. brasilense plus Mo/Co, compared to mineral nitrogen fertilization, improves the efficiency of the nodulation process and the morphophysiological characteristics of the common bean crop. Seed inoculation and topdressing application with R. tropici, associated with co-inoculation with A. brasilense + Mo and Co, have the potential to completely replace mineral nitrogen fertilization in common bean crops.
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Claims 3
Claim · model-written summary
Seed inoculation followed by R. tropici and A. brasilense reinoculation plus Mo/Co improved nodulation efficiency over mineral nitrogen fertilization.
- Taxon
- common bean
Phaseolus vulgarise0 - Treatment
- inoculation followed by reinoculation in topdressing with R. tropici in co-inoculation with A. brasilense plus Mo/Coe0
- Interactor
- R. tropici
Martinezella tropicie0symbiont - Second interactor
- A. brasilense
Azospirillum brasilensee0symbiont - Outcome
- efficiency of the nodulation processe0
- Direction
- improvese0
- Comparator
- mineral nitrogen fertilizatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculation followed by reinoculation in topdressing with R. tropici in co-inoculation with A. brasilense plus Mo/Co, compared to mineral nitrogen fertilization, improves the efficiency of the nodulation process and the morphophysiological characteristics of the common bean crop”
Claim · model-written summary
The same inoculation improved morphophysiological characteristics relative to mineral nitrogen fertilization.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Treatment
- inoculation followed by reinoculation in topdressing with R. tropici in co-inoculation with A. brasilense plus Mo/Coe0
- Interactor
- R. tropiciMartinezella tropicie0symbiont
- Second interactor
- A. brasilenseAzospirillum brasilensee0symbiont
- Outcome
- morphophysiological characteristicse0
- Direction
- improvese0
- Comparator
- mineral nitrogen fertilizatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculation followed by reinoculation in topdressing with R. tropici in co-inoculation with A. brasilense plus Mo/Co, compared to mineral nitrogen fertilization, improves the efficiency of the nodulation process and the morphophysiological characteristics of the common bean crop”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that seed inoculation and co-inoculated topdressing with Mo and Co could completely replace mineral nitrogen fertilization in common bean.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Interactor
- R. tropiciMartinezella tropicie0symbiont
- Second interactor
- A. brasilenseAzospirillum brasilensee0symbiont
- Outcome
- completely replace mineral nitrogen fertilizatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed inoculation and topdressing application with R. tropici, associated with co-inoculation with A. brasilense + Mo and Co, have the potential to completely replace mineral nitrogen fertilization in common bean crops”
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