Abstract
The present study evaluated the repercussions of magnetopriming on the root system architecture of soybean plants subjected to arsenic toxicity using synchrotron radiation source based micro-computed tomography (SR-µCT). This will be used evey where as abbreviation for the technique for three-dimensional imaging. Seeds of soybean were exposed to the static magnetic field (SMF) of strength (200 mT) for 1h prior to sowing. Magnetoprimed and non-primed seeds were grown for 1 month in a soil–sand mixture containing four different levels of sodium arsenate (0, 5, 10, and 50 mg As kg −1 soil). The results showed that arsenic adversely affects the root growth in non-primed plants by reducing their root length, root biomass, root hair, size and number of root nodules, where the damaging effect of As was observed maximum at higher concentrations (10 and 50 mg As kg −1 soil). However, a significant improvement in root morphology was detected in magnetoprimed plants where SMF pretreatment enhanced the root length, root biomass, pore diameter of cortical cells, root hair formation, lateral roots branching, and size of root nodules and girth of primary roots. Qualitative analysis of x-ray micro-CT images showed that arsenic toxicity damaged the epidermal and cortical layers of the root as well as reduced the pore diameter of the cortical cells. However, the diameter of cortical cells pores in magnetoprimed plants was observed higher as compared to plants emerged from non-primed seeds at all level of As toxicity. Thus, the study suggested that magnetopriming has the potential to attenuate the toxic effect of As and could be employed as a pre-sowing treatment to reduce the phytotoxic effects of metal ions in plants by improving root architecture and root tolerance index. This study is the very first exploration of the potential benefits of magnetopriming in mitigating the toxicity of metals (As) in plant roots utilizing the micro-CT technique.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Arsenic reduced root length, biomass, root hair and nodules in nonprimed soybean, most at higher concentrations.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- arsenice0
- Outcome
- root length, root biomass, root haire0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Qualifier
- 10 and 50 mg As kg −1 soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arsenic adversely affects the root growth in non-primed plants by reducing their root length, root biomass, root hair, size and number of root nodules, where the damaging effect of As was observed maximum at higher concentrations (10 and 50 mg As kg −1 soil).”
t0“soybean plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Magnetopriming improved soybean root morphology under arsenic.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- SMF pretreatmente0
- Outcome
- root length, root biomass, pore diameter of cortical cellse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a significant improvement in root morphology was detected in magnetoprimed plants where SMF pretreatment enhanced the root length, root biomass, pore diameter of cortical cells, root hair formation, lateral roots branching, and size of root nodules and girth of primary roots.”
t0“soybean plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Arsenic damaged root epidermal and cortical layers and reduced cortical pore diameter.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- arsenic toxicitye0
- Outcome
- pore diameter of the cortical cellse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arsenic toxicity damaged the epidermal and cortical layers of the root as well as reduced the pore diameter of the cortical cells.”
t0“soybean plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Magnetoprimed plants had wider cortical cell pores than nonprimed plants at all arsenic levels.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- magnetoprimede0
- Outcome
- diameter of cortical cells porese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- all level of As toxicitye0
- Comparator
- non-primed seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the diameter of cortical cells pores in magnetoprimed plants was observed higher as compared to plants emerged from non-primed seeds at all level of As toxicity.”
t0“soybean plant”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest magnetopriming as a presowing treatment against metal ion phytotoxicity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- magnetopriminge0
- Outcome
- pre-sowing treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“magnetopriming has the potential to attenuate the toxic effect of As and could be employed as a pre-sowing treatment to reduce the phytotoxic effects of metal ions in plants by improving root architecture and root tolerance index.”
t0“soybean plant”
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