Abstract
The present study was undertaken to analyse the phytoremediation potential of weedy plants growing at dump yards. Two dump yard sites were chosen. Based on the distribution and abundance, 11 weedy species were collected bi-annually using the plot method along with soil samples. Both plants and soils were analysed for heavy metals, and the bioconcentration factor (BCF) was calculated to assess the extent of soil contamination and the remediation potential of weedy plants. The weed plants collected from two yard sites showed an accumulation of metals, and the rate of accumulation varied among plant species. In the species at the dumping yard site, a higher accumulation of metals was observed for Panicum ciliare (As and Zn), Indigofera hirsuta (Cd and Ni), Chloris barbata (Cr), and Indigofera aspalathoides (Pb). Goiania macrocarpa has accumulated more As, Cu, Ni, and Zn metals in the industrial yard. The accumulation levels in plant tissues were assessed through BCF in the whole plant. The study results confirm that Panicum cillarae, Indigofera hirsuta, and Sida acuta at dump yard soils and Indigofera aspalathoides at industrial yard soil reported BCF values of more than one, indicating the potential of these plants for phytoremediation for selected metals. Six of the 11 weedy species were specific to accumulating metals from yard soils. They are Indigofera aspalathodies for Cd; Sida acuta, Panicum ciliare, and Indigofera hirsuta for As; Oldenlandia corymbose for Zn and As; and Gouinia macrocarpa for Zn. The findings suggest that weedy species growing naturally in the two yards sites adopted higher concentrations of the metals and can accumulate them to a higher degree in their body parts.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Metal accumulation varied among weed species at the two yard sites.
Verbatim
e0“The weed plants collected from two yard sites showed an accumulation of metals, and the rate of accumulation varied among plant species”
Claim · model-written summary
At the dump yard Panicum ciliare showed higher As and Zn accumulation.
- Taxon
- Panicum ciliare
Digitaria ciliarise0 - Outcome
- accumulation of metalse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- As and Zne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a higher accumulation of metals was observed for Panicum ciliare (As and Zn)”
Claim · model-written summary
At the dump yard Indigofera hirsuta showed higher Cd and Ni accumulation.
- Taxon
- Indigofera hirsuta
.jpg?width=60)
Indigofera hirsutae0 - Outcome
- accumulation of metalse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- Cd and Nie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“a higher accumulation of metals was observed for Panicum ciliare (As and Zn), Indigofera hirsuta (Cd and Ni)”
Claim · model-written summary
At the dump yard Chloris barbata showed higher Cr accumulation.
- Taxon
- Chloris barbata
Chloris barbatae0 - Outcome
- accumulation of metalse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- Cre0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a higher accumulation of metals was observed for Panicum ciliare (As and Zn), Indigofera hirsuta (Cd and Ni), Chloris barbata (Cr)”
Claim · model-written summary
At the dump yard Indigofera aspalathoides showed higher Pb accumulation.
- Taxon
- Indigofera aspalathoides
Indigofera aspalathoidese0 - Outcome
- Pbe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Indigofera aspalathoides (Pb)”
Claim · model-written summary
Goiania macrocarpa accumulated more As, Cu, Ni and Zn in the industrial yard.
Verbatim
e0“Goiania macrocarpa has accumulated more As, Cu, Ni, and Zn metals in the industrial yard”
Claim · model-written summary
Panicum cillarae, Indigofera hirsuta and Sida acuta at dump yards had BCF values above one.
Verbatim
e0“Panicum cillarae, Indigofera hirsuta, and Sida acuta at dump yard soils and Indigofera aspalathoides at industrial yard soil reported BCF values of more than one”
Claim · model-written summary
Indigofera aspalathoides in industrial yard soil had BCF above one.
- Taxon
- Indigofera aspalathoidesIndigofera aspalathoidese0
- Outcome
- BCF valuese0
- Direction
- more thane0
- Value
- more than onee0
- Setting
- industrial yard soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Indigofera aspalathoides at industrial yard soil reported BCF values of more than one”
Claim · model-written summary
Indigofera aspalathodies was identified as specific for Cd accumulation.
Verbatim
e0“Indigofera aspalathodies for Cd”
Claim · model-written summary
Sida acuta, Panicum ciliare and Indigofera hirsuta were identified as specific for As accumulation.
- Taxon
- Sida acuta, Panicum ciliare, and Indigofera hirsutaDigitaria ciliaris
_in_Hyderabad%2C_AP_W2_IMG_0084.jpg?width=60)
Sida acutaIndigofera hirsutae0 - Outcome
- Ase0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_in_Hyderabad%2C_AP_W2_IMG_0084.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Sida acuta, Panicum ciliare, and Indigofera hirsuta for As”
Claim · model-written summary
Oldenlandia corymbose was identified as specific for Zn and As accumulation.
Verbatim
e0“Oldenlandia corymbose for Zn and As”
Claim · model-written summary
Gouinia macrocarpa was identified as specific for Zn accumulation.
Verbatim
e0“Gouinia macrocarpa for Zn”