Abstract
Increasing temperature and frequency of drought associated with climate variability and change and low soil fertility are factors that handicap sustained rice (Oryza sativa L) production in the tropics. In this study, the growth and yield of rice (Legon 1 rice variety) were investigated under three temperature regimes T1 = 33 °C, T2 = 34 °C, and T3 = 36 °C, two water regimes W1 = continuous flooding and W2 = intermittent irrigation, and two nitrogen application rates: (N1 = 0 kg N ha−1 and N2 = 90 kg N ha−1) at the Soil and Irrigation Research Centre, of the University of Ghana, Ghana. The experimental design was split-plot with temperature treatments as main plots and water and nitrogen applications as subplots with 4 replicates. The rice plants under high temperatures (T3 & T2) produced significantly lower biomass, nutrient uptake, and grain yield. Furthermore, the intermittent irrigation (W2) and nitrogen application (N2) significantly increased the percentage of yield components, grain yield, and nutrient uptake, The intermittent irrigation saved between 20 and 33% of irrigation water. The grain yield under the intermittent irrigation was 36, 24, and 15 g pot−1 for T1, T2, and T3, respectively, compared with 22, 14, and 8 g pot−1 for T1, T2, and T3 under the full continuous irrigation conditions. The uptake of nutrients was lower under the increased temperature with the rate of decline higher under nitrogen fertilization. The potential decline in grain quality due to reduced nutrient uptake poses a challenge for human nutrition under warmer climates.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
High temperatures (T2 and T3) significantly reduced biomass, nutrient uptake and grain yield of rice compared with 33 °C.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Material
- Legon 1e1
- Treatment
- high temperaturese3
- Outcome
- biomass, nutrient uptake, and grain yielde3
- Direction
- significantly lowere3
- Comparator
- T1 = 33 °Ce1
- Setting
- greenhouse conditiont0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“under greenhouse condition”
e1“rice (Legon 1 rice variety) were investigated under three temperature regimes T1 = 33 °C, T2 = 34 °C, and T3 = 36 °C”
e3“The rice plants under high temperatures (T3 & T2) produced significantly lower biomass, nutrient uptake, and grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Intermittent irrigation significantly increased yield components, grain yield and nutrient uptake of rice compared with continuous flooding.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- intermittent irrigation (W2)e4
- Outcome
- yield components, grain yield, and nutrient uptakee4
- Direction
- significantly increasede4
- Comparator
- continuous floodinge2
- Setting
- greenhouse conditiont0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“under greenhouse condition”
e1“rice (Legon 1 rice variety) were investigated under three temperature regimes T1 = 33 °C, T2 = 34 °C, and T3 = 36 °C”
e2“two water regimes W1 = continuous flooding and W2 = intermittent irrigation”
e4“the intermittent irrigation (W2) and nitrogen application (N2) significantly increased the percentage of yield components, grain yield, and nutrient uptake”
Claim · model-written summary
Intermittent irrigation saved between 20 and 33% of irrigation water compared with full continuous irrigation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- intermittent irrigatione5
- Outcome
- irrigation watere5
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede5
- Value
- between 20 and 33%e5
- Comparator
- full continuous irrigatione6
- Setting
- greenhouse conditiont0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“under greenhouse condition”
e1“rice (Legon 1 rice variety) were investigated under three temperature regimes T1 = 33 °C, T2 = 34 °C, and T3 = 36 °C”
e5“The intermittent irrigation saved between 20 and 33% of irrigation water”
e6“The grain yield under the intermittent irrigation was 36, 24, and 15 g pot−1 for T1, T2, and T3, respectively, compared with 22, 14, and 8 g pot−1 for T1, T2, and T3 under the full continuous irrigation conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Under intermittent irrigation, rice grain yield was higher at each temperature (36, 24 and 15 g per pot for T1, T2 and T3) than under full continuous irrigation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- intermittent irrigatione6
- Outcome
- grain yielde6
- Direction
- higherinferrede6
- Value
- 36, 24, and 15 g pot−1e6
- Comparator
- full continuous irrigatione6
- Setting
- greenhouse conditiont0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“under greenhouse condition”
e1“rice (Legon 1 rice variety) were investigated under three temperature regimes T1 = 33 °C, T2 = 34 °C, and T3 = 36 °C”
e6“The grain yield under the intermittent irrigation was 36, 24, and 15 g pot−1 for T1, T2, and T3, respectively, compared with 22, 14, and 8 g pot−1 for T1, T2, and T3 under the full continuous irrigation conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application (90 kg N ha−1) significantly increased yield components, grain yield and nutrient uptake of rice compared with no nitrogen.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- nitrogen application (N2)e4
- Outcome
- yield components, grain yield, and nutrient uptakee4
- Direction
- significantly increasede4
- Comparator
- N1 = 0 kg N ha−1e0
- Setting
- greenhouse conditiont0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“under greenhouse condition”
e1“rice (Legon 1 rice variety) were investigated under three temperature regimes T1 = 33 °C, T2 = 34 °C, and T3 = 36 °C”
e4“the intermittent irrigation (W2) and nitrogen application (N2) significantly increased the percentage of yield components, grain yield, and nutrient uptake”
e0“N1 = 0 kg N ha−1 and N2 = 90 kg N ha−1”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased temperature lowered the uptake of nutrients by rice compared with 33 °C.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- increased temperaturee7
- Outcome
- uptake of nutrientse7
- Direction
- lowere7
- Comparator
- T1 = 33 °Ce1
- Setting
- greenhouse conditiont0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“under greenhouse condition”
e1“rice (Legon 1 rice variety) were investigated under three temperature regimes T1 = 33 °C, T2 = 34 °C, and T3 = 36 °C”
e7“The uptake of nutrients was lower under the increased temperature with the rate of decline higher under nitrogen fertilization”
Claim · model-written summary
The rate of decline in nutrient uptake by rice was higher under nitrogen fertilization.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- nitrogen fertilizatione7
- Outcome
- rate of declinee7
- Direction
- highere7
- Setting
- greenhouse conditiont0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“under greenhouse condition”
e1“rice (Legon 1 rice variety) were investigated under three temperature regimes T1 = 33 °C, T2 = 34 °C, and T3 = 36 °C”
e7“The uptake of nutrients was lower under the increased temperature with the rate of decline higher under nitrogen fertilization”
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