Abstract
Excessive nitrogen application may adversely impact grain yield and quality of rice. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of several nitrogen-reduction strategies on the grain yield and quality of mechanically transplanted hybrid indica rice. Field experiments were performed in 2020 and 2021 using Yixiangyou2115 and Fyou498. The research investigated variations in grain yield and quality of rice under different nitrogen-reduction strategies, including NR1, balanced N reduction; NR2, N reduction in basal fertilizer; NR3, N reduction in tillering fertilizer; and NR4, N reduction in earing fertilizer, compared to the conventional nitrogen application for high-yield cultivation (CK). Compared to CK, the grain yield of rice decreased by 1.63% to 19.71% under nitrogen-reduction strategies. Relative to NR3 and NR4, NR1 and NR2 exhibited an increase in grain yield ranging from 1.81% to 22.51%, attributed to increases in panicle number (0.61% to 13.19%) and spikelet number per panicle (1.60% to 12.28%). Meanwhile, NR1 and NR2 also had relatively high LAI and dry matter accumulation in rice plants at maturity. Compared to CK, NR1 and NR2 improved the processing quality of rice grain, while NR3 and NR4 resulted in reduced processing quality. The chalkiness rate and chalkiness degree of rice under the NR1, NR3, and NR4 treatments were reduced by 2.97% to 23.73% and 3.35% to 52.49%, respectively, in comparison to CK. Additionally, the NR1 and NR4 treatments were linked to an increase in taste value by 1.44% to 3.66% and gel consistency by 13.87% to 46.01% relative to CK. These findings suggest that balanced nitrogen reduction can maintain a high yield while improving the appearance and eating quality of mechanically transplanted hybrid indica rice. This study offers a theoretical basis for rational nitrogen reduction and high-quality cultivation in rice.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Under nitrogen-reduction strategies, rice grain yield decreased by 1.63% to 19.71% compared with the conventional nitrogen application CK.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- nitrogen-reduction strategiese1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 1.63% to 19.71%e1
- Comparator
- CKe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Excessive nitrogen application may adversely impact grain yield and quality of rice”
e1“Compared to CK, the grain yield of rice decreased by 1.63% to 19.71% under nitrogen-reduction strategies”
Claim · model-written summary
NR1 and NR2 increased rice grain yield by 1.81% to 22.51% relative to NR3 and NR4.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- NR1 and NR2e2
- Outcome
- grain yielde2
- Direction
- increasee2
- Value
- 1.81% to 22.51%e2
- Comparator
- NR3 and NR4e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Excessive nitrogen application may adversely impact grain yield and quality of rice”
e2“Relative to NR3 and NR4, NR1 and NR2 exhibited an increase in grain yield ranging from 1.81% to 22.51%”
Claim · model-written summary
NR1 and NR2 increased panicle number by 0.61% to 13.19% relative to NR3 and NR4.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- NR1 and NR2e2
- Outcome
- panicle numbere3
- Direction
- increasese3
- Value
- 0.61% to 13.19%e3
- Comparator
- NR3 and NR4e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Excessive nitrogen application may adversely impact grain yield and quality of rice”
e2“Relative to NR3 and NR4, NR1 and NR2 exhibited an increase in grain yield ranging from 1.81% to 22.51%”
e3“attributed to increases in panicle number (0.61% to 13.19%) and spikelet number per panicle (1.60% to 12.28%)”
Claim · model-written summary
NR1 and NR2 increased spikelet number per panicle by 1.60% to 12.28% relative to NR3 and NR4.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- NR1 and NR2e2
- Outcome
- spikelet number per paniclee3
- Direction
- increasese3
- Value
- 1.60% to 12.28%e3
- Comparator
- NR3 and NR4e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Excessive nitrogen application may adversely impact grain yield and quality of rice”
e2“Relative to NR3 and NR4, NR1 and NR2 exhibited an increase in grain yield ranging from 1.81% to 22.51%”
e3“attributed to increases in panicle number (0.61% to 13.19%) and spikelet number per panicle (1.60% to 12.28%)”
Claim · model-written summary
NR1 and NR2 gave relatively high LAI and dry matter accumulation in rice at maturity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- at maturitye5
- Treatment
- NR1 and NR2e5
- Outcome
- LAI and dry matter accumulatione5
- Direction
- relatively highe5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Excessive nitrogen application may adversely impact grain yield and quality of rice”
e5“NR1 and NR2 also had relatively high LAI and dry matter accumulation in rice plants at maturity”
Claim · model-written summary
Compared with CK, NR1 and NR2 improved the processing quality of rice grain.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- NR1 and NR2e6
- Outcome
- processing qualitye6
- Direction
- improvede6
- Comparator
- CKe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Excessive nitrogen application may adversely impact grain yield and quality of rice”
e6“Compared to CK, NR1 and NR2 improved the processing quality of rice grain”
Claim · model-written summary
NR3 and NR4 reduced the processing quality of rice grain compared with CK.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- NR3 and NR4e7
- Outcome
- processing qualitye7
- Direction
- reducede7
- Comparator
- CKe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Excessive nitrogen application may adversely impact grain yield and quality of rice”
e6“Compared to CK, NR1 and NR2 improved the processing quality of rice grain”
e7“while NR3 and NR4 resulted in reduced processing quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Under NR1, NR3 and NR4 the chalkiness rate of rice was reduced by 2.97% to 23.73% compared with CK.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- NR1, NR3, and NR4 treatmentse2
- Outcome
- chalkiness ratee2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Value
- 2.97% to 23.73%e2
- Comparator
- CKe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Excessive nitrogen application may adversely impact grain yield and quality of rice”
e2“The chalkiness rate and chalkiness degree of rice under the NR1, NR3, and NR4 treatments were reduced by 2.97% to 23.73% and 3.35% to 52.49%, respectively, in comparison to CK”
Claim · model-written summary
Under NR1, NR3 and NR4 the chalkiness degree of rice was reduced by 3.35% to 52.49% compared with CK.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- NR1, NR3, and NR4 treatmentse2
- Outcome
- chalkiness degreee2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Value
- 3.35% to 52.49%e2
- Comparator
- CKe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Excessive nitrogen application may adversely impact grain yield and quality of rice”
e2“The chalkiness rate and chalkiness degree of rice under the NR1, NR3, and NR4 treatments were reduced by 2.97% to 23.73% and 3.35% to 52.49%, respectively, in comparison to CK”
Claim · model-written summary
NR1 and NR4 increased rice taste value by 1.44% to 3.66% relative to CK.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- NR1 and NR4 treatmentse1
- Outcome
- taste valuee1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 1.44% to 3.66%e1
- Comparator
- CKe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Excessive nitrogen application may adversely impact grain yield and quality of rice”
e1“the NR1 and NR4 treatments were linked to an increase in taste value by 1.44% to 3.66% and gel consistency by 13.87% to 46.01% relative to CK”
Claim · model-written summary
NR1 and NR4 increased rice gel consistency by 13.87% to 46.01% relative to CK.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- NR1 and NR4 treatmentse1
- Outcome
- gel consistencye1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 13.87% to 46.01%e1
- Comparator
- CKe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Excessive nitrogen application may adversely impact grain yield and quality of rice”
e1“the NR1 and NR4 treatments were linked to an increase in taste value by 1.44% to 3.66% and gel consistency by 13.87% to 46.01% relative to CK”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
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