Abstract
Dense planting could be a feasible method for reducing nitrogen (N) application rates without compromising rice grain yield in northeast and central China. It is still unclear whether reduced N application with dense planting (RNDP) can achieve higher rice yield and N use efficiency (NUE) in Jiangsu, east China. Three japonica inbred rice (JI) and three indica hybrid rice (IH) cultivars were grown in a field experiment. Their grain yield, NUE, and related traits were compared under two cultivation treatments: conventional high-yielding practice (CHYP) and RNDP. JI showed similar yields under the two treatments, while IH showed lower yield under RNDP than under CHYP, and the partial factor productivity of N and N use efficiency for grain yield increased (P < 0.05) in both JI and IH under RNDP. Compared with CHYP, RNDP reduced spikelets per panicle but increased panicles per m2 and filled-kernel percentage of JI and IH, and JI’s kernel weight was increased (P < 0.05) under RNDP. Shoot biomass weight and nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) content in the stem at heading and maturity of JI and IH were reduced under RNDP, while harvest index and NSC remobilization reserve were increased (P < 0.05) under RNDP, especially for JI. Our results suggest that RNDP could achieve a higher rice grain yield and NUE, particularly for JI, a dominant rice cultivar type in Jiangsu. For JI, the increased panicles per m2, sink-filling efficiency, harvest index, and NSC remobilization after heading under RNDP contributed to a grain yield similar to that under CHYP.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Japonica inbred rice had similar yields under RNDP and CHYP.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“JI showed similar yields under the two treatments”
e1“conventional high-yielding practice (CHYP) and RNDP”
t0“rice grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Indica hybrid rice yielded less under RNDP than CHYP.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“IH showed lower yield under RNDP than under CHYP”
t0“rice grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
RNDP increased partial factor productivity of nitrogen in both cultivar groups.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- RNDPe0
- Outcome
- partial factor productivity of Ne0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- in both JI and IHe0
- Comparator
- CHYPe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the partial factor productivity of N and N use efficiency for grain yield increased (P < 0.05) in both JI and IH under RNDP”
e1“conventional high-yielding practice (CHYP) and RNDP”
t0“rice grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
RNDP increased nitrogen use efficiency for grain yield in both cultivar groups.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- RNDPe0
- Outcome
- N use efficiency for grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- in both JI and IHe0
- Comparator
- CHYPe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N use efficiency for grain yield increased (P < 0.05) in both JI and IH under RNDP”
e1“conventional high-yielding practice (CHYP) and RNDP”
t0“rice grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
RNDP reduced spikelets per panicle in both groups.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- RNDPe0
- Outcome
- spikelets per paniclee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- JI and IHe0
- Comparator
- CHYPe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with CHYP, RNDP reduced spikelets per panicle but increased panicles per m2 and filled-kernel percentage of JI and IH”
t0“rice grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
RNDP increased panicles per square meter and filled-kernel percentage in both groups.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- RNDPe0
- Outcome
- panicles per m2 and filled-kernel percentagee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- JI and IHe0
- Comparator
- CHYPe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with CHYP, RNDP reduced spikelets per panicle but increased panicles per m2 and filled-kernel percentage of JI and IH”
t0“rice grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
RNDP increased kernel weight in japonica inbred rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- JIe0
- Treatment
- RNDPe0
- Outcome
- kernel weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- CHYPe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“JI’s kernel weight was increased (P < 0.05) under RNDP”
e1“Compared with CHYP, RNDP”
t0“rice grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
RNDP reduced shoot biomass weight in both groups.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- RNDPe0
- Outcome
- Shoot biomass weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- JI and IHe0
- Comparator
- CHYPe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot biomass weight and nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) content in the stem at heading and maturity of JI and IH were reduced under RNDP”
e1“Compared with CHYP, RNDP”
t0“rice grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
RNDP reduced stem nonstructural carbohydrate content at heading and maturity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- stem at heading and maturitye0
- Treatment
- RNDPe0
- Outcome
- nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- JI and IHe0
- Comparator
- CHYPe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) content in the stem at heading and maturity of JI and IH were reduced under RNDP”
e1“Compared with CHYP, RNDP”
t0“rice grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
RNDP increased harvest index in both cultivar groups, especially japonica inbred rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- RNDPe0
- Outcome
- harvest indexe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- especially for JIe0
- Comparator
- CHYPe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“harvest index and NSC remobilization reserve were increased (P < 0.05) under RNDP, especially for JI”
e1“Compared with CHYP, RNDP”
t0“rice grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
RNDP increased nonstructural carbohydrate remobilization reserve, especially in japonica inbred rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- RNDPe0
- Outcome
- NSC remobilization reservee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- especially for JIe0
- Comparator
- CHYPe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NSC remobilization reserve were increased (P < 0.05) under RNDP, especially for JI”
e1“Compared with CHYP, RNDP”
t0“rice grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attributed maintained japonica rice yield under RNDP to more panicles, sink filling, harvest index, and carbohydrate remobilization.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- RNDPe0
- Outcome
- grain yield similar to that under CHYPe0
- Qualifier
- increased panicles per m2, sink-filling efficiency, harvest index, and NSC remobilization after headinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For JI, the increased panicles per m2, sink-filling efficiency, harvest index, and NSC remobilization after heading under RNDP contributed to a grain yield similar to that under CHYP”
t0“rice grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest RNDP can improve rice yield and nitrogen efficiency, particularly for japonica inbred rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- RNDP could achieve a higher rice grain yield and NUEe0
- Qualifier
- particularly for JIe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Our results suggest that RNDP could achieve a higher rice grain yield and NUE, particularly for JI”
t0“rice grain yield”
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