Abstract
Rice culm carbohydrate transport can simultaneously affect grain filling and stem lodging resistance by regulating non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) and structural carbohydrate (SC) contents. However, the relationship between carbohydrate transposition and culm strength is not well documented. Accordingly, a high-yielding hybrid rice cultivar (Y Liangyou 2) was tested under different N fertilization regimes at two locations, Taoyuan (a special high-yield eco-site), Yunnan province and Danyang (a representative eco-site of the middle and lower Yangtze), Jiangsu province, China. Significantly higher grain yield and basal stem strength were found at Taoyuan than Danyang under all N rates throughout the two-year experiment. At heading stage, soluble sugars, starch, cellulose and lignin contents of the basal culm at Taoyuan were significantly 132.0%, 73.7%, 1.2%, and 62.7% higher than those at Danyang, respectively. At 20 days after heading, soluble sugars and starch content at Taoyuan decreased significantly compared to Danyang, but lignin content remained higher. Culm carbohydrate transport to kernels at Taoyuan was significantly greater than that at Danyang, and the proportion of soluble sugars and starch was correspondingly 62.9% lower. However, the proportion of lignin and cellulose was 22.7% higher at Taoyuan than that at Danyang. Soluble sugars and starch partitioning were significantly reduced under an increased nitrogen application rate, but SC partitioning was little affected. There were significant positive correlations between basal culm bending stress and dry weight and cellulose and lignin proportions at both locations under all N rates, suggesting that the higher SC proportion at 20 days after heading was primarily responsible for culm strength. These results suggest that high-yielding rice populations with greater culm strength require both moderate NSC transport and greater SC accumulation. Keywords: Rice, High-yielding, Lodging, Culm strength, Carbohydrate partitioning
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Rice grain yield was higher at Taoyuan than Danyang under all nitrogen rates.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significantly higher grain yield and basal stem strength were found at Taoyuan than Danyang under all N rates throughout the two-year experiment.”
t0“Effects of culm carbohydrate partitioning on basal stem strength in a high-yielding rice population”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice basal stem strength was higher at Taoyuan than Danyang under all nitrogen rates.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Outcome
- basal stem strengthe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- Danyange0
- Setting
- Taoyuane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significantly higher grain yield and basal stem strength were found at Taoyuan than Danyang under all N rates throughout the two-year experiment.”
t0“Effects of culm carbohydrate partitioning on basal stem strength in a high-yielding rice population”
Claim · model-written summary
At heading, basal culm soluble sugars were 132.0% higher at Taoyuan.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- basal culme0
- Outcome
- soluble sugarse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 132.0%e0
- Comparator
- Danyange0
- Setting
- Taoyuane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At heading stage, soluble sugars, starch, cellulose and lignin contents of the basal culm at Taoyuan were significantly 132.0%, 73.7%, 1.2%, and 62.7% higher than those at Danyang, respectively.”
t0“Effects of culm carbohydrate partitioning on basal stem strength in a high-yielding rice population”
Claim · model-written summary
At heading, basal culm starch was 73.7% higher at Taoyuan.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- basal culme0
- Outcome
- starche0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 73.7%e0
- Comparator
- Danyange0
- Setting
- Taoyuane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At heading stage, soluble sugars, starch, cellulose and lignin contents of the basal culm at Taoyuan were significantly 132.0%, 73.7%, 1.2%, and 62.7% higher than those at Danyang, respectively.”
t0“Effects of culm carbohydrate partitioning on basal stem strength in a high-yielding rice population”
Claim · model-written summary
At heading, basal culm cellulose was 1.2% higher at Taoyuan.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- basal culme0
- Outcome
- cellulosee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 1.2%e0
- Comparator
- Danyange0
- Setting
- Taoyuane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At heading stage, soluble sugars, starch, cellulose and lignin contents of the basal culm at Taoyuan were significantly 132.0%, 73.7%, 1.2%, and 62.7% higher than those at Danyang, respectively.”
t0“Effects of culm carbohydrate partitioning on basal stem strength in a high-yielding rice population”
Claim · model-written summary
At heading, basal culm lignin was 62.7% higher at Taoyuan.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- basal culme0
- Outcome
- lignine0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 62.7%e0
- Comparator
- Danyange0
- Setting
- Taoyuane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At heading stage, soluble sugars, starch, cellulose and lignin contents of the basal culm at Taoyuan were significantly 132.0%, 73.7%, 1.2%, and 62.7% higher than those at Danyang, respectively.”
t0“Effects of culm carbohydrate partitioning on basal stem strength in a high-yielding rice population”
Claim · model-written summary
At 20 days after heading, soluble sugars and starch at Taoyuan decreased compared with Danyang.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- 20 days after headinge0
- Outcome
- soluble sugars and starch contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- Danyange0
- Setting
- Taoyuane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 20 days after heading, soluble sugars and starch content at Taoyuan decreased significantly compared to Danyang, but lignin content remained higher.”
t0“Effects of culm carbohydrate partitioning on basal stem strength in a high-yielding rice population”
Claim · model-written summary
At 20 days after heading, lignin content remained higher at Taoyuan.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- 20 days after headinge0
- Outcome
- lignin contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- Danyange0
- Setting
- Taoyuane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 20 days after heading, soluble sugars and starch content at Taoyuan decreased significantly compared to Danyang, but lignin content remained higher.”
t0“Effects of culm carbohydrate partitioning on basal stem strength in a high-yielding rice population”
Claim · model-written summary
Culm carbohydrate transport to kernels was greater at Taoyuan than Danyang.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- Culm carbohydrate transport to kernelse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- Danyange0
- Setting
- Taoyuane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Culm carbohydrate transport to kernels at Taoyuan was significantly greater than that at Danyang”
t0“Effects of culm carbohydrate partitioning on basal stem strength in a high-yielding rice population”
Claim · model-written summary
The proportion of soluble sugars and starch was 62.9% lower at Taoyuan.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- proportion of soluble sugars and starche0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 62.9%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the proportion of soluble sugars and starch was correspondingly 62.9% lower.”
t0“Effects of culm carbohydrate partitioning on basal stem strength in a high-yielding rice population”
Claim · model-written summary
The proportion of lignin and cellulose was 22.7% higher at Taoyuan than Danyang.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- proportion of lignin and cellulosee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 22.7%e0
- Comparator
- Danyange0
- Setting
- Taoyuane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the proportion of lignin and cellulose was 22.7% higher at Taoyuan than that at Danyang.”
t0“Effects of culm carbohydrate partitioning on basal stem strength in a high-yielding rice population”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased nitrogen application reduced soluble sugar and starch partitioning.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- increased nitrogen application ratee0
- Outcome
- Soluble sugars and starch partitioninge0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soluble sugars and starch partitioning were significantly reduced under an increased nitrogen application rate”
t0“Effects of culm carbohydrate partitioning on basal stem strength in a high-yielding rice population”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased nitrogen application had little effect on structural carbohydrate partitioning.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- increased nitrogen application ratee0
- Outcome
- SC partitioninge0
- Direction
- little affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soluble sugars and starch partitioning were significantly reduced under an increased nitrogen application rate, but SC partitioning was little affected.”
t0“Effects of culm carbohydrate partitioning on basal stem strength in a high-yielding rice population”
Claim · model-written summary
Basal culm bending stress and dry weight correlated positively with cellulose and lignin proportions.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- cellulose and lignine0
- Outcome
- basal culm bending stress and dry weighte0
- Direction
- positive correlationse0
- Setting
- both locationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were significant positive correlations between basal culm bending stress and dry weight and cellulose and lignin proportions at both locations under all N rates”
t0“Effects of culm carbohydrate partitioning on basal stem strength in a high-yielding rice population”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend moderate nonstructural carbohydrate transport and greater structural carbohydrate accumulation for stronger high-yielding rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- moderate NSC transport and greater SC accumulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“high-yielding rice populations with greater culm strength require both moderate NSC transport and greater SC accumulation.”
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