Abstract
The effect of chitosan conjugates with caffeic (ChCA) and ferulic (ChFA) acids in combination with Bacillus subtilis bacteria on the transcriptional activity of PR protein genes and proteome changes in potato plants during infection with Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary was studied. Plants grown from mini tubers of the Luck variety were sprayed with solutions of ChCA and ChFA, suspension of B. subtilis bacteria strains 26D and 11 VM, composites of ChCA of ChFA together with bacteria. 3 days after treatment, some of the plants were infected with P. infestans. A decrease in the degree of development of the pathogen of late blight on potato leaves in all treatment options was revealed. The maximum protective effect was manifested when plants were treated with bacteria B. subtilis strain 26D in combination with conjugates of chitosan and oxycinnamic acids. The mechanisms of increasing the resistance of potato plants to P. infestans were associated with the activation of transcriptional activity of genes encoding the main protective protein (PR‑1), chitinase (PR‑3), thaumatin-like protein (PR‑5), protease inhibitor (PR‑6), peroxidase (PR‑9), ribonuclease (PR‑10). The revealed activation of the expression of marker genes of systemic acquired resistance and induced systemic resistance under the influence of joint treatment of plants with B. subtilis and chitin conjugates with oxycinnamic acids indicate the synergistic development of protective reactions in potato plants in this variant. By the method of two-dimensional electrophoresis of S. tuberosum leaf proteins followed by MALDI-TOF analysis, 12 proteins were identified, the presence of which in the leaves differed depending on the variant of the experiment. In all treatment variants, suppression of serine-threonine protein phosphatase activity was observed, reflecting the development of the hypersensitivity reaction. Different variants of the experiment formed weakly expressed clusters, which indicates multiple mechanisms of regulation of the synthesis of protective proteins involved in the reaction to treatment with bacteria, chitosan conjugates and infection with P. infestans.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
All treatment options decreased late blight pathogen development on potato leaves.
- Taxon
- potato plants
Solanum tuberosumt0 - Organ / stage
- potato leavese0
- Treatment
- all treatment optionse0
- Outcome
- degree of development of the pathogen of late blighte0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“potato plants”
e0“A decrease in the degree of development of the pathogen of late blight on potato leaves in all treatment options was revealed.”
e1“Plants grown from mini tubers of the Luck variety were sprayed with solutions of ChCA and ChFA, suspension of B. subtilis bacteria strains 26D and 11 VM, composites of ChCA of ChFA together with bacteria.”
Claim · model-written summary
B. subtilis strain 26D with chitosan and oxycinnamic acid conjugates gave the maximum protective effect.
- Taxon
- potato plantsSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- bacteria B. subtilis strain 26D in combination with conjugates of chitosan and oxycinnamic acidse0
- Interactor
- B. subtilis strain 26D
Bacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- maximum protective effecte0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“potato plants”
e0“The maximum protective effect was manifested when plants were treated with bacteria B. subtilis strain 26D in combination with conjugates of chitosan and oxycinnamic acids.”
Claim · model-written summary
Resistance to P. infestans was associated with activation of six protective protein genes.
- Taxon
- potato plantsSolanum tuberosumt0
- Interactor
- P. infestans
Phytophthora infestanse0pathogen - Gene
- PR‑1e0
- Outcome
- increasing the resistance of potato plants to P. infestanse0
- Qualifier
- activation of transcriptional activitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“potato plants”
e0“The mechanisms of increasing the resistance of potato plants to P. infestans were associated with the activation of transcriptional activity of genes encoding the main protective protein (PR‑1), chitinase (PR‑3), thaumatin-like protein (PR‑5), protease inhibitor (PR‑6), peroxidase (PR‑9), ribonuclease (PR‑10).”
Claim · model-written summary
Joint treatment activated markers of systemic acquired and induced systemic resistance.
- Taxon
- potato plantsSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- joint treatment of plants with B. subtilis and chitin conjugates with oxycinnamic acidse0
- Interactor
- B. subtilisBacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- expression of marker genes of systemic acquired resistance and induced systemic resistancee0
- Direction
- activatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“potato plants”
e0“activation of the expression of marker genes of systemic acquired resistance and induced systemic resistance under the influence of joint treatment of plants with B. subtilis and chitin conjugates with oxycinnamic acids”
Claim · model-written summary
Twelve potato leaf proteins varied among experiment variants.
- Taxon
- potato plantsSolanum tuberosumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Outcome
- proteinse0
- Value
- 12 proteinse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“potato plants”
e0“12 proteins were identified, the presence of which in the leaves differed depending on the variant of the experiment.”
Claim · model-written summary
All treatment variants suppressed serine-threonine protein phosphatase activity.
- Taxon
- potato plantsSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- all treatment variantse0
- Gene
- serine-threonine protein phosphatasee0
- Outcome
- serine-threonine protein phosphatase activitye0
- Direction
- suppressione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“potato plants”
e0“In all treatment variants, suppression of serine-threonine protein phosphatase activity was observed”
Claim · model-written summary
Experiment variants formed weakly expressed clusters.
- Taxon
- potato plantsSolanum tuberosumt0
- Outcome
- weakly expressed clusterse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“potato plants”
e0“Different variants of the experiment formed weakly expressed clusters”
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