Abstract
During storage, elevated temperature and humidity cause accelerated aging and deterioration of seeds of various plant species, including important cultivated cereals, such as wheat and triticale. Germination of old seeds can be facilitated by seed priming with physiologically active substances that correct the pro/antioxidant balance and reduce the development of oxidative stress. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a regulatory compound with direct and indirect antioxidant effects. However, its effect on the germination of grains of cereals with low germination has not been extensively studied. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of GABA priming on the germination of aged grains of winter bread wheat (Triticum aestivum ‘Scorpion’) and winter triticale (×Triticosecale ‘Raritet’). the extent of oxidative stress and the state of the antioxidant system in seedlings. The results indicated that a three-hour treatment of grains with GABA at the optimal concentration (1 mM) resulted in a significant (18–21%) increase in germination energy and seed germination rate, as well as an increase in the biomass of shoots and roots of seedlings of both species. Concomitantly, the influence of GABA resulted in a reduction in oxidative stress markers, including the generation of superoxide anion radicals, hydrogen peroxide content, and the product of lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde. In wheat seedlings, the total content of phenolic compounds increased, while in triticale seedlings, the content of anthocyanins increased almost twofold. In seedlings derived from GABA-primed grains, catalase activity was also significantly elevated in the absence of notable alterations in superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activity. It was postulated that GABA priming is a promising approach for enhancing the germination of cereal seeds with diminished sowing quality.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
GABA increased germination energy and rate by 18–21% in both species.
- Taxon
- wheat and triticale
Triticum aestivum
×Triticosecalet0 - Treatment
- three-hour treatment of grains with GABA at the optimal concentration (1 mM)e0
- Outcome
- germination energy and seed germination ratee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 18–21%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a three-hour treatment of grains with GABA at the optimal concentration (1 mM) resulted in a significant (18–21%) increase in germination energy and seed germination rate”
t0“wheat and triticale grains”
Claim · model-written summary
GABA increased seedling shoot and root biomass in both species.
- Taxon
- wheat and triticaleTriticum aestivum×Triticosecalet0
- Treatment
- gamma-aminobutyric acidt0
- Outcome
- biomass of shoots and roots of seedlingse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an increase in the biomass of shoots and roots of seedlings of both species”
t0“wheat and triticale grains by priming with gamma-aminobutyric acid”
Claim · model-written summary
GABA reduced superoxide generation, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde.
- Taxon
- wheat and triticaleTriticum aestivum×Triticosecalet0
- Treatment
- GABAe0
- Outcome
- generation of superoxide anion radicals, hydrogen peroxide content, and the product of lipid peroxidation malondialdehydee0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the influence of GABA resulted in a reduction in oxidative stress markers, including the generation of superoxide anion radicals, hydrogen peroxide content, and the product of lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde”
t0“wheat and triticale grains”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat seedling phenolic content increased after GABA priming.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- gamma-aminobutyric acidt0
- Outcome
- total content of phenolic compoundse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In wheat seedlings, the total content of phenolic compounds increased”
t0“priming with gamma-aminobutyric acid”
Claim · model-written summary
Triticale seedling anthocyanin content nearly doubled after GABA priming.
- Taxon
- triticale×Triticosecalee0
- Treatment
- gamma-aminobutyric acidt0
- Outcome
- content of anthocyaninse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- almost twofolde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in triticale seedlings, the content of anthocyanins increased almost twofold”
t0“priming with gamma-aminobutyric acid”
Claim · model-written summary
Catalase activity increased significantly in seedlings from primed grain.
- Taxon
- wheat and triticaleTriticum aestivum×Triticosecalet0
- Treatment
- GABA-primed grainse0
- Gene
- catalasee0
- Outcome
- catalase activitye0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In seedlings derived from GABA-primed grains, catalase activity was also significantly elevated”
t0“wheat and triticale grains”
Claim · model-written summary
Superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activity did not notably change.
- Taxon
- wheat and triticaleTriticum aestivum×Triticosecalet0
- Treatment
- gamma-aminobutyric acidt0
- Outcome
- superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activitye0
- Direction
- absence of notable alterationse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the absence of notable alterations in superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activity”
t0“wheat and triticale grains by priming with gamma-aminobutyric acid”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose GABA priming for cereal seeds with diminished sowing quality.
Verbatim
e0“GABA priming is a promising approach for enhancing the germination of cereal seeds with diminished sowing quality”
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