Abstract
Okra (Abelmoscus esculentus (L) Moench) is widely known and utilized vegetable crop in tropical and sub-tropical parts of the world. In Ethiopia, including Gambella, okra production and yield improvement have not been attained due to a lack of appropriate production practices, including fertilizer use recommendations. Hence, this experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of NPS fertilizer rates on growth, yield, yield components, and quality of okra. The treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications with eight levels of NPS fertilizer application rates. Data collection and measurement was done according to scientific recommendation for each parameter; data analysis was done using statistical analysis software version 9.3 (SAS, 2008). Results indicated that the NPS fertilizer had a significant influence on the growth, yield, yield components, and quality parameters of okra. The maximum number of branches (4.2), leaf area (890 cm2), number of pods per plant (7.6), pod length (30.9 cm), individual pod weight (18.0 g), fresh biomass yield (814.2 g), dry biomass yield (248.7 g), number of seeds per pod (96.3), total soluble solute (4.9), and pod yield per hectare (15.9t ha-1) were obtained from the NPS rate of (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1. The highest pod diameter (2.7cm) was obtained from NPS fertilizer rate of 50–60–11 kg ha-1 which was statistically similar with (2.4cm) at NPS rate of 75–90–16.5 kg ha-1. Similarly, the maximum pod dry matter content (27.1) was obtained from NPS fertilizer rate of 100–120–22 kg ha-1 which was also statistically on par with (25.9) at NPS rate of 75–90–16.5 kg ha-1. The economic feasibility analysis showed that the maximum net benefit (Birr 232740.4 ha-1) with highest MRR (3625.53%) was obtained from application of 75kgN-90kgP2O5-16.5kgS per hectare, whereas the lowest (Birr 118500 ha-1) was obtained from the unfertilized. Application of NPS fertilizer resulted to gain (114240.4 Birr ha-1) more compared unfertilized. Therefore, NPS fertilizer rate of 75–90–16.5 kg ha-1 appears to be the optimum practice for higher yield and is economically feasible with maximum net benefit (Birr 232740.4 ha- 1) and the highest MRR (3625.53%) of the local cultivar okra in the Abobo area. Further increase in NPS rate above (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1 did not bring about significant changes in yield, suggesting that NPS (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1 is the optimum rate to obtain the highest green pod yield of okra.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
NPS fertilizer significantly affected okra growth, yield, yield components and quality.
- Taxon
- okra
.jpg?width=60)
Abelmoschus esculentuse0 - Treatment
- NPS fertilizere0
- Outcome
- growth, yield, yield components, and quality parameterse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“the NPS fertilizer had a significant influence on the growth, yield, yield components, and quality parameters of okra”
Claim · model-written summary
The 75-90-16.5 NPS rate produced the maximum 4.2 branches per okra plant.
- Taxon
- OkraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- number of branchese0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 4.2e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum number of branches (4.2), leaf area (890 cm2), number of pods per plant (7.6), pod length (30.9 cm), individual pod weight (18.0 g), fresh biomass yield (814.2 g), dry biomass yield (248.7 g), number of seeds per pod (96.3), total soluble solute (4.9), and pod yield per hectare (15.9t ha-1) were obtained from the NPS rate of (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1”
t0“Okra”
Claim · model-written summary
The 75-90-16.5 NPS rate produced maximum leaf area of 890 cm2.
- Taxon
- OkraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 890 cm2e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum number of branches (4.2), leaf area (890 cm2), number of pods per plant (7.6), pod length (30.9 cm), individual pod weight (18.0 g), fresh biomass yield (814.2 g), dry biomass yield (248.7 g), number of seeds per pod (96.3), total soluble solute (4.9), and pod yield per hectare (15.9t ha-1) were obtained from the NPS rate of (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1”
t0“Okra”
Claim · model-written summary
The 75-90-16.5 NPS rate produced a maximum 7.6 pods per okra plant.
- Taxon
- OkraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- number of pods per plante0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 7.6e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum number of branches (4.2), leaf area (890 cm2), number of pods per plant (7.6), pod length (30.9 cm), individual pod weight (18.0 g), fresh biomass yield (814.2 g), dry biomass yield (248.7 g), number of seeds per pod (96.3), total soluble solute (4.9), and pod yield per hectare (15.9t ha-1) were obtained from the NPS rate of (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1”
t0“Okra”
Claim · model-written summary
The 75-90-16.5 NPS rate produced maximum pod length of 30.9 cm.
- Taxon
- OkraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- pod lengthe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 30.9 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum number of branches (4.2), leaf area (890 cm2), number of pods per plant (7.6), pod length (30.9 cm), individual pod weight (18.0 g), fresh biomass yield (814.2 g), dry biomass yield (248.7 g), number of seeds per pod (96.3), total soluble solute (4.9), and pod yield per hectare (15.9t ha-1) were obtained from the NPS rate of (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1”
t0“Okra”
Claim · model-written summary
The 75-90-16.5 NPS rate produced maximum individual pod weight of 18.0 g.
- Taxon
- OkraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- individual pod weighte0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 18.0 ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum number of branches (4.2), leaf area (890 cm2), number of pods per plant (7.6), pod length (30.9 cm), individual pod weight (18.0 g), fresh biomass yield (814.2 g), dry biomass yield (248.7 g), number of seeds per pod (96.3), total soluble solute (4.9), and pod yield per hectare (15.9t ha-1) were obtained from the NPS rate of (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1”
t0“Okra”
Claim · model-written summary
The 75-90-16.5 NPS rate produced maximum fresh biomass yield of 814.2 g.
- Taxon
- OkraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- fresh biomass yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 814.2 ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum number of branches (4.2), leaf area (890 cm2), number of pods per plant (7.6), pod length (30.9 cm), individual pod weight (18.0 g), fresh biomass yield (814.2 g), dry biomass yield (248.7 g), number of seeds per pod (96.3), total soluble solute (4.9), and pod yield per hectare (15.9t ha-1) were obtained from the NPS rate of (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1”
t0“Okra”
Claim · model-written summary
The 75-90-16.5 NPS rate produced maximum dry biomass yield of 248.7 g.
- Taxon
- OkraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- dry biomass yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 248.7 ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum number of branches (4.2), leaf area (890 cm2), number of pods per plant (7.6), pod length (30.9 cm), individual pod weight (18.0 g), fresh biomass yield (814.2 g), dry biomass yield (248.7 g), number of seeds per pod (96.3), total soluble solute (4.9), and pod yield per hectare (15.9t ha-1) were obtained from the NPS rate of (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1”
t0“Okra”
Claim · model-written summary
The 75-90-16.5 NPS rate produced a maximum 96.3 seeds per pod.
- Taxon
- OkraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- number of seeds per pode0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 96.3e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum number of branches (4.2), leaf area (890 cm2), number of pods per plant (7.6), pod length (30.9 cm), individual pod weight (18.0 g), fresh biomass yield (814.2 g), dry biomass yield (248.7 g), number of seeds per pod (96.3), total soluble solute (4.9), and pod yield per hectare (15.9t ha-1) were obtained from the NPS rate of (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1”
t0“Okra”
Claim · model-written summary
The 75-90-16.5 NPS rate produced maximum total soluble solute of 4.9.
- Taxon
- OkraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- total soluble solutee0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 4.9e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum number of branches (4.2), leaf area (890 cm2), number of pods per plant (7.6), pod length (30.9 cm), individual pod weight (18.0 g), fresh biomass yield (814.2 g), dry biomass yield (248.7 g), number of seeds per pod (96.3), total soluble solute (4.9), and pod yield per hectare (15.9t ha-1) were obtained from the NPS rate of (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1”
t0“Okra”
Claim · model-written summary
The 75-90-16.5 NPS rate produced maximum pod yield of 15.9t ha-1.
- Taxon
- OkraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- pod yield per hectaree0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 15.9t ha-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum number of branches (4.2), leaf area (890 cm2), number of pods per plant (7.6), pod length (30.9 cm), individual pod weight (18.0 g), fresh biomass yield (814.2 g), dry biomass yield (248.7 g), number of seeds per pod (96.3), total soluble solute (4.9), and pod yield per hectare (15.9t ha-1) were obtained from the NPS rate of (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1”
t0“Okra”
Claim · model-written summary
The 50–60–11 NPS rate gave the highest pod diameter, 2.7cm.
- Taxon
- OkraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- 50–60–11 kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- pod diametere0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 2.7cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest pod diameter (2.7cm) was obtained from NPS fertilizer rate of 50–60–11 kg ha-1”
t0“Okra”
Claim · model-written summary
Pod diameter at 50–60–11 and 75–90–16.5 rates was statistically similar.
- Taxon
- OkraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- 75–90–16.5 kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- statistically similare0
- Value
- 2.4cme0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which was statistically similar with (2.4cm) at NPS rate of 75–90–16.5 kg ha-1”
t0“Okra”
Claim · model-written summary
The 100–120–22 NPS rate produced maximum pod dry matter content of 27.1.
- Taxon
- OkraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- 100–120–22 kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- pod dry matter contente0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 27.1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the maximum pod dry matter content (27.1) was obtained from NPS fertilizer rate of 100–120–22 kg ha-1”
t0“Okra”
Claim · model-written summary
Pod dry matter at 100–120–22 was statistically on par with the 75–90–16.5 rate.
- Taxon
- OkraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- 75–90–16.5 kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- statistically on pare0
- Value
- 25.9e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which was also statistically on par with (25.9) at NPS rate of 75–90–16.5 kg ha-1”
t0“Okra”
Claim · model-written summary
The 75kgN-90kgP2O5-16.5kgS rate yielded maximum net benefit of Birr 232740.4 ha-1.
- Taxon
- OkraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- 75kgN-90kgP2O5-16.5kgS per hectaree0
- Outcome
- net benefite0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- Birr 232740.4 ha-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the maximum net benefit (Birr 232740.4 ha-1) with highest MRR (3625.53%) was obtained from application of 75kgN-90kgP2O5-16.5kgS per hectare”
t0“Okra”
Claim · model-written summary
The 75kgN-90kgP2O5-16.5kgS rate yielded highest MRR of 3625.53%.
- Taxon
- OkraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- 75kgN-90kgP2O5-16.5kgS per hectaree0
- Outcome
- MRRe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3625.53%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the maximum net benefit (Birr 232740.4 ha-1) with highest MRR (3625.53%) was obtained from application of 75kgN-90kgP2O5-16.5kgS per hectare”
t0“Okra”
Claim · model-written summary
NPS fertilizer increased economic gain by 114240.4 Birr ha-1 against unfertilized okra.
- Taxon
- OkraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- NPS fertilizere0
- Outcome
- gaine0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 114240.4 Birr ha-1e0
- Comparator
- unfertilizede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of NPS fertilizer resulted to gain (114240.4 Birr ha-1) more compared unfertilized”
t0“Okra”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing NPS above 75-90-16.5 kg ha-1 did not significantly change yield.
- Taxon
- OkraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- NPS rate above (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Further increase in NPS rate above (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1 did not bring about significant changes in yield”
t0“Okra”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend 75-90-16.5 kg ha-1 NPS as the optimum green pod yield rate.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- NPS (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- optimum ratee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NPS (75-90-16.5) kg ha-1 is the optimum rate to obtain the highest green pod yield of okra”
The same questions in other papers
nanoparticle · yield · Abelmoschus esculentus (okra)Positive and negative results
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See all 18 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.