Abstract
Terminalia superba and T. ivorensis are difficult to identify with morphological markers. Molecular characterization is very effective to correct the delimitation of timber species, especially when the discriminatory power of morphological markers is weak. In this study, four amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) marker combinations were used to determine the taxonomic relationship among a total of 33 accessions of the genus Terminalia, consisting of two species, Terminalia ivorensis (12 accessions) and T. superba (21). The primer combinations produced a total of 740 fragments out of which 619 (83.6%) were polymorphic. Among all the primer combinations used, E-ACT/M-CTC was the most informative, which generated 11 unique markers for clear identification of the two species. The average polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.24 (E-ACT/M-CAT) to 0.28 (E-ACT/M-CTC) while the resolving power (RP) varied from 40.73 (E-AAC/M-CTA) to 63.76 (E-ACT/M-CTC). The genetic difference between the two species was significant (PhiPT = 0.610, p<0.001). All 33 accessions were delimited by both the UPGMA cluster and principal component analysis. Based on the results, it was concluded that E-ACT/M-CTC is the best among the marker combinations used for molecular study of the two tree species and used significantly to distinguish them. STRUCTURE analysis identified two accessions of Terminalia superba with alleles derived from T. ivorensis as well as revealed five putative hybrid accessions, which requires further genetic investigation to substantiate the finding.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
AFLP primers produced 740 fragments.
- Taxon
- Terminalia
Terminaliat0 - Outcome
- fragmentse0
- Value
- 740e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The primer combinations produced a total of 740 fragments out of which 619 (83.6%) were polymorphic.”
t0“Terminalia superba”
Claim · model-written summary
Of the fragments, 619 (83.6%) were polymorphic.
- Taxon
- TerminaliaTerminaliat0
- Outcome
- polymorphice0
- Value
- 83.6%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The primer combinations produced a total of 740 fragments out of which 619 (83.6%) were polymorphic.”
t0“Terminalia superba”
Claim · model-written summary
E-ACT/M-CTC was the most informative primer combination.
- Taxon
- TerminaliaTerminaliat0
- Material
- E-ACT/M-CTCe0
- Outcome
- most informativee0
- Comparator
- all the primer combinations usede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among all the primer combinations used, E-ACT/M-CTC was the most informative, which generated 11 unique markers for clear identification of the two species.”
t0“Terminalia superba”
Claim · model-written summary
E-ACT/M-CTC generated 11 unique markers identifying the species.
- Taxon
- TerminaliaTerminaliat0
- Material
- E-ACT/M-CTCe0
- Outcome
- unique markerse0
- Value
- 11e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among all the primer combinations used, E-ACT/M-CTC was the most informative, which generated 11 unique markers for clear identification of the two species.”
t0“Terminalia superba”
Claim · model-written summary
polymorphic information content (PIC) had a reported endpoint of 0.24.
- Taxon
- TerminaliaTerminaliat0
- Outcome
- polymorphic information content (PIC)e0
- Value
- 0.24e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.24 (E-ACT/M-CAT) to 0.28 (E-ACT/M-CTC) while the resolving power (RP) varied from 40.73 (E-AAC/M-CTA) to 63.76 (E-ACT/M-CTC).”
t0“Terminalia superba”
Claim · model-written summary
polymorphic information content (PIC) had a reported endpoint of 0.28.
- Taxon
- TerminaliaTerminaliat0
- Outcome
- polymorphic information content (PIC)e0
- Value
- 0.28e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.24 (E-ACT/M-CAT) to 0.28 (E-ACT/M-CTC) while the resolving power (RP) varied from 40.73 (E-AAC/M-CTA) to 63.76 (E-ACT/M-CTC).”
t0“Terminalia superba”
Claim · model-written summary
resolving power (RP) had a reported endpoint of 40.73.
- Taxon
- TerminaliaTerminaliat0
- Outcome
- resolving power (RP)e0
- Value
- 40.73e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.24 (E-ACT/M-CAT) to 0.28 (E-ACT/M-CTC) while the resolving power (RP) varied from 40.73 (E-AAC/M-CTA) to 63.76 (E-ACT/M-CTC).”
t0“Terminalia superba”
Claim · model-written summary
resolving power (RP) had a reported endpoint of 63.76.
- Taxon
- TerminaliaTerminaliat0
- Outcome
- resolving power (RP)e0
- Value
- 63.76e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.24 (E-ACT/M-CAT) to 0.28 (E-ACT/M-CTC) while the resolving power (RP) varied from 40.73 (E-AAC/M-CTA) to 63.76 (E-ACT/M-CTC).”
t0“Terminalia superba”
Claim · model-written summary
The two Terminalia species differed genetically.
- Taxon
- TerminaliaTerminaliat0
- Outcome
- genetic differencee0
- Value
- 0.610e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The genetic difference between the two species was significant (PhiPT = 0.610, p<0.001).”
t0“Terminalia superba”
Claim · model-written summary
UPGMA delimited all 33 accessions.
- Taxon
- TerminaliaTerminaliat0
- Outcome
- accessions were delimitede0
- Value
- 33e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All 33 accessions were delimited by both the UPGMA cluster and principal component analysis.”
t0“Terminalia superba”
Claim · model-written summary
Two Terminalia superba accessions carried alleles derived from T. ivorensis.
- Taxon
- Terminalia superba
Terminalia superbae0 - Outcome
- alleles derived from T. ivorensise0
- Value
- two accessionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“STRUCTURE analysis identified two accessions of Terminalia superba with alleles derived from T. ivorensis as well as revealed five putative hybrid accessions, which requires further genetic investigation to substantiate the finding.”
Claim · model-written summary
Five accessions were identified as putative hybrids.
- Taxon
- Terminalia superbaTerminalia superbae0
- Outcome
- putative hybrid accessionse0
- Value
- fivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“STRUCTURE analysis identified two accessions of Terminalia superba with alleles derived from T. ivorensis as well as revealed five putative hybrid accessions, which requires further genetic investigation to substantiate the finding.”