Abstract
Oat is an important crop widely distributed in temperate zones and is also commonly planted in the karst areas of southwest China. However, due to severe rocky desertification, the complex soil in this area is characterized by high calcium content, alkaline conditions, and drought, which significantly negatively impact the growth of oat seedlings. To study the adaptability of oats to rocky desertification stress at the seedling stage, we investigated the effects of CaCl2 (0–150 mM), the pH (3–9), and drought stress (PEG-6000 solution at 0 to −0.79 MPa) on seed germination and seedling growth. The results showed that (1) calcium stress had dual effects on seed germination within the range of 5–150 mM CaCl2. Low concentrations of CaCl2 (5 mM) promoted the germination potential, germination rate, germination index, and vigor index of oats, as well as the growth and biomass accumulation of radicles in oat seedlings; however, high concentrations of CaCl2 inhibited these germination parameters. (2) Under drought stress, moderate concentrations of a PEG-6000 solution significantly improved the germination potential and germination rate of oat seeds, but the germination index and vigor index decreased with an increasing PEG-6000 concentration. When the PEG-6000 concentration corresponded to −0.06 MPa, the root growth and fresh weight accumulation of oat seedlings were significantly promoted; however, as the concentration increased to −0.53 MPa and –0.79 MPa, seed germination and seedling growth were significantly inhibited. (3) pH treatments had no significant effect on oat seed germination, but all growth indexes of oats showed a downward trend under alkaline conditions. These results suggest that suitable conditions for oat planting in karst rocky desertification areas are 5 mM CaCl2, pH levels of 5–8, and drought stress between 0 and −0.32 MPa. This study provides a theoretical basis for oat introduction, cultivation, and stress-resistant breeding in this area.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Low CaCl2 promoted four oat germination measures.
- Taxon
- Oat
Avena sativat0 - Treatment
- CaCl2 (5 mM)e0
- Outcome
- germination potential, germination rate, germination index, and vigor indexe0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Oat”
e0“Low concentrations of CaCl2 (5 mM) promoted the germination potential, germination rate, germination index, and vigor index of oats”
Claim · model-written summary
Low CaCl2 promoted oat radicle growth and biomass.
- Taxon
- OatAvena sativat0
- Organ / stage
- radiclese0
- Treatment
- CaCl2 (5 mM)e0
- Outcome
- growth and biomass accumulation of radiclese0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Oat”
e0“Low concentrations of CaCl2 (5 mM) promoted the germination potential, germination rate, germination index, and vigor index of oats, as well as the growth and biomass accumulation of radicles in oat seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
High CaCl2 inhibited oat germination parameters.
- Taxon
- OatAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- high concentrations of CaCl2e0
- Outcome
- germination parameterse0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Oat”
e0“high concentrations of CaCl2 inhibited these germination parameters.”
Claim · model-written summary
Moderate PEG drought significantly improved oat germination potential and rate.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- moderate concentrations of a PEG-6000 solutione0
- Outcome
- germination potential and germination ratee0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“moderate concentrations of a PEG-6000 solution significantly improved the germination potential and germination rate of oat seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination and vigor indices declined as PEG concentration increased.
- Taxon
- OatAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- PEG-6000 concentratione0
- Outcome
- germination index and vigor indexe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Oat”
e0“the germination index and vigor index decreased with an increasing PEG-6000 concentration.”
Claim · model-written summary
PEG at −0.06 MPa significantly promoted oat root growth and fresh weight.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Treatment
- PEG-6000 concentration corresponded to −0.06 MPae0
- Outcome
- root growth and fresh weight accumulatione0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When the PEG-6000 concentration corresponded to −0.06 MPa, the root growth and fresh weight accumulation of oat seedlings were significantly promoted”
Claim · model-written summary
PEG at −0.53 MPa significantly inhibited seed germination and seedling growth.
- Taxon
- OatAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- −0.53 MPae0
- Outcome
- seed germination and seedling growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Oat”
e0“as the concentration increased to −0.53 MPa and –0.79 MPa, seed germination and seedling growth were significantly inhibited.”
Claim · model-written summary
PEG at –0.79 MPa significantly inhibited seed germination and seedling growth.
- Taxon
- OatAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- –0.79 MPae0
- Outcome
- seed germination and seedling growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Oat”
e0“as the concentration increased to −0.53 MPa and –0.79 MPa, seed germination and seedling growth were significantly inhibited.”
Claim · model-written summary
pH treatments did not significantly affect oat seed germination.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- pH treatmentse0
- Outcome
- seed germinatione0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pH treatments had no significant effect on oat seed germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Oat growth indices trended downward under alkaline conditions.
- Taxon
- oatsAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- alkaline conditionse0
- Outcome
- growth indexese0
- Direction
- downward trende0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all growth indexes of oats showed a downward trend under alkaline conditions.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest 5 mM CaCl2, pH 5–8 and drought stress of 0 to −0.32 MPa for planting oats.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Outcome
- suitable conditions for oat plantinge0
- Qualifier
- 5 mM CaCl2, pH levels of 5–8, and drought stress between 0 and −0.32 MPae0
- Setting
- karst rocky desertification arease0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suitable conditions for oat planting in karst rocky desertification areas are 5 mM CaCl2, pH levels of 5–8, and drought stress between 0 and −0.32 MPa.”
The same questions in other papers
calcium chloride dihydrate · growth · Avena sativa (oats)Results agree
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- positive
- positive
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ph · growth · Avena sativa (oats)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
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1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →drought · growth · Avena sativa (oats)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
15 papers more in this group
See all 19 papers →alkalinity · growth · Avena sativa (oats)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.