Abstract
The genus Maerua (Capparaceae) comprises 85 woody species distributed across the paleotropics, with some species used in traditional medicine. This study investigated the phylogenetic placement, genetic diversity, and phytochemical composition of Maerua siamensis, a species native to Indochina. Phylogenetic analyses using matK and rbcL markers confirmed the monophyly of the M. siamensis specimens collected from Thailand. Population genetic analyses revealed low genetic diversity across the sampled populations, suggesting purifying selection or recent demographic events. Phytochemical investigations of the leaf extracts led to the isolation and identification of 12 compounds, including two novel structures: maeruamide and maeruaoside. The isolated compounds encompass simple phenolics, l-proline-derived betaines, and flavonoid glycosides. Bioactivity assays revealed moderate antioxidant activity of the crude extract (EC50 = 106 μg mL−1), but no significant insecticidal or nematocidal effects were observed. This study provides new insights into the genetic diversity, phytochemistry, and potential bioactivities of M. siamensis, contributing to our understanding of this understudied species and its ethnomedicinal applications.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Thai M. siamensis specimens formed a monophyletic group.
- Taxon
- M. siamensis
Maerua siamensise0 - Outcome
- monophylye0
- Setting
- Thailande0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“confirmed the monophyly of the M. siamensis specimens collected from Thailand”
Claim · model-written summary
Sampled M. siamensis populations had low genetic diversity.
- Taxon
- Maerua siamensisMaerua siamensist0
- Outcome
- genetic diversitye0
- Direction
- lowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maerua siamensis”
e0“low genetic diversity across the sampled populations”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf extracts yielded 12 identified compounds.
- Taxon
- Maerua siamensisMaerua siamensist0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Outcome
- isolation and identification of 12 compoundse0
- Value
- 12 compoundse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maerua siamensis”
e0“leaf extracts led to the isolation and identification of 12 compounds”
Claim · model-written summary
Maeruamide was identified as a novel structure in leaf extracts.
- Taxon
- Maerua siamensisMaerua siamensist0
- Outcome
- maeruamidee0
- Qualifier
- novel structurese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maerua siamensis”
e0“two novel structures: maeruamide and maeruaoside”
Claim · model-written summary
Maeruaoside was identified as a novel structure in leaf extracts.
- Taxon
- Maerua siamensisMaerua siamensist0
- Outcome
- maeruaosidee0
- Qualifier
- novel structurese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maerua siamensis”
e0“two novel structures: maeruamide and maeruaoside”
Claim · model-written summary
Crude extract had moderate antioxidant activity with EC50 of 106 μg mL−1.
- Taxon
- Maerua siamensisMaerua siamensist0
- Outcome
- antioxidant activitye0
- Direction
- moderatee0
- Value
- 106 μg mL−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maerua siamensis”
e0“moderate antioxidant activity of the crude extract (EC50 = 106 μg mL−1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Crude extract had no significant insecticidal effect.
- Taxon
- Maerua siamensisMaerua siamensist0
- Outcome
- insecticidale0
- Direction
- no significante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maerua siamensis”
e0“no significant insecticidal or nematocidal effects were observed”
Claim · model-written summary
Crude extract had no significant nematocidal effect.
- Taxon
- Maerua siamensisMaerua siamensist0
- Outcome
- nematocidale0
- Direction
- no significante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maerua siamensis”
e0“no significant insecticidal or nematocidal effects were observed”