Abstract
The critical period of weed harmfulness is considered to be a part of the growing season, when the joint growth of weeds and crops in the same area can cause crop losses and deterioration of its quality. The aim of the study is to assess the harmfulness parameters of the weed component of the agrocenosis of corn hybrids with different maturity periods of Russian selection in the forest-steppe zone of the Chechen Republic. The object of the study was two corn hybrids of domestic selection with different maturity groups, namely, mid-season Zernogradsky 354 MV and mid-early Krasnodarsky 291 AMV, in order to select the optimal one for cultivation in the conditions of the zone. The experiment was a complex type of weed infestation. No significant difference in the species composition of the weeds of the two hybrids was found. According to the Methodological Guidelines, the critical period of harmfulness was determined using a graphical method. The method consists in plotting graphs of changes in corn yield depending on a specially modeled weed infestation of its crops. The experiment had two blocks. In the first block, the crop was kept free of weeds for the first 10–50 days. The yield in this block increased, the yield losses decreased and amounted to 39.21–7.99 % for the Krasnodar 291 AMV hybrid. The sowing of the mid-season corn hybrid Zernograd 354 MV, weeded throughout the growing season, compared to the sowing free of weeds, gave a yield of 3.88 t/ha, i. e. a decrease of 53.98 %. In the first block, both hybrids showed a significant decrease in yield. A decrease in the competitiveness of hybrids is also observed, as evidenced by the high susceptibility to pests and diseases. In the forest-steppe zone of the Chechen Republic, for the mid-early hybrid corn Krasnodar 291 AMV, the critical period of weed harmfulness is the first 30 days from the day of emergence, for the mid-season hybrid corn Zernograd 354 MV – 25 days. The longer the joint growth of corn and weeds, i. e. the weed and crop component, the greater the yield loss and the higher the harmfulness of the weeds.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
No significant difference in the species composition of weeds was found between the two corn hybrids.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Interactor
- weedse1weed
- Outcome
- species composition of the weedse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two corn hybrids of domestic selection”
e1“No significant difference in the species composition of the weeds of the two hybrids was found”
Claim · model-written summary
In the block kept weed-free for the first 10-50 days, corn yield increased.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- kept free of weeds for the first 10–50 dayse2
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two corn hybrids of domestic selection”
e1“The yield in this block increased”
e2“the crop was kept free of weeds for the first 10–50 days”
Claim · model-written summary
In the block kept weed-free for the first 10-50 days, yield losses of the Krasnodar 291 AMV hybrid decreased, amounting to 39.21-7.99 %.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Material
- Krasnodar 291 AMVe1
- Treatment
- kept free of weeds for the first 10–50 dayse2
- Outcome
- yield lossese1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 39.21–7.99 %e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two corn hybrids of domestic selection”
e1“the yield losses decreased and amounted to 39.21–7.99 % for the Krasnodar 291 AMV hybrid”
e2“the crop was kept free of weeds for the first 10–50 days”
Claim · model-written summary
Zernograd 354 MV corn weeded throughout the growing season yielded 3.88 t/ha, a 53.98 % decrease compared with weed-free sowing.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Material
- Zernograd 354 MVe1
- Treatment
- weeded throughout the growing seasone1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Value
- 53.98 %e1
- Qualifier
- yield of 3.88 t/hae1
- Comparator
- the sowing free of weedse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two corn hybrids of domestic selection”
e1“The sowing of the mid-season corn hybrid Zernograd 354 MV, weeded throughout the growing season, compared to the sowing free of weeds, gave a yield of 3.88 t/ha, i. e. a decrease of 53.98 %”
Claim · model-written summary
In the first block both corn hybrids showed a significant decrease in yield.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- decrease in yielde1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two corn hybrids of domestic selection”
e1“In the first block, both hybrids showed a significant decrease in yield”
Claim · model-written summary
A decrease in the competitiveness of the corn hybrids was observed, evidenced by high susceptibility to pests and diseases.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- competitiveness of hybridse1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Qualifier
- high susceptibility to pests and diseasese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two corn hybrids of domestic selection”
e1“A decrease in the competitiveness of hybrids is also observed, as evidenced by the high susceptibility to pests and diseases”
Claim · model-written summary
In the forest-steppe zone of the Chechen Republic the critical period of weed harmfulness for the mid-early corn hybrid Krasnodar 291 AMV is the first 30 days from emergence.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Material
- Krasnodar 291 AMVe3
- Outcome
- critical period of weed harmfulnesse2
- Value
- 30 dayse2
- Setting
- forest-steppe zone of the Chechen Republice1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two corn hybrids of domestic selection”
e1“In the forest-steppe zone of the Chechen Republic”
e2“the critical period of weed harmfulness is the first 30 days from the day of emergence”
e3“Krasnodar 291 AMV, the critical”
Claim · model-written summary
In the forest-steppe zone of the Chechen Republic the critical period of weed harmfulness for the mid-season corn hybrid Zernograd 354 MV is 25 days.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Material
- Zernograd 354 MVe3
- Outcome
- critical period of weed harmfulnesse2
- Value
- 25 dayse3
- Setting
- forest-steppe zone of the Chechen Republice1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two corn hybrids of domestic selection”
e1“In the forest-steppe zone of the Chechen Republic”
e2“the critical period of weed harmfulness is the first 30 days from the day of emergence”
e3“for the mid-season hybrid corn Zernograd 354 MV – 25 days”
Claim · model-written summary
The longer corn and weeds grow together, the greater the yield loss.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- joint growth of corn and weedse1
- Interactor
- weedse1weed
- Outcome
- yield losse2
- Direction
- greatere2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The longer the joint growth of corn and weeds”
e2“the greater the yield loss”
Claim · model-written summary
The longer corn and weeds grow together, the higher the harmfulness of the weeds.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- joint growth of corn and weedse1
- Interactor
- weedse1weed
- Outcome
- harmfulness of the weedse2
- Direction
- highere2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The longer the joint growth of corn and weeds”
e2“the higher the harmfulness of the weeds”
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