Abstract
The research was carried out in order to increase the main indices of grain quality by the method of protein markers when developing varieties of the targeted use. Hordein polymorphism of 36 homogeneous accessions of competitive variety testing was studied by electrophoresis in starch gel. The study of the allelic composition of the hordein-coding loci of the breeding material revealed the variants A4, A23, B4, B164 and F3 clearly associated with low protein content parameters (10.8-11.5%) and high extractive substances (81.1-82.6%) in barley grain. The alleles A126, B21, B25, F1, associated with a higher protein level (12.6-13.3%), turned out to be valuable for feed purposes. Grain quality indices of universal use are associated with allelic variants A2, A23, B28, and F2. According to the frequency of allele occurrence, it was found that the main direction of selection in malting barley was in the direction of allele variants A23 (11.1%), B45 (8.3%), B164 (11.1%), F3 (22.2%). The forage varieties were characterized by a high frequency of A2 (22.2%), B25 (25.0%), F2 (27.8%) alleles, and universal varieties - A2 (22.2%), B8 (25.0%), F2 (22.2%) alleles. The formulas of hordein combining alleles characteristic of the best varieties of malting barley (A2 B45 F2; A2 B45F 3; A23 B164 F3; A4 B164 F3), universal barley (A2 B8 F2; A18 B8 F2; A23 B8 F2) and forage barley (A2 B25 F1) were identified.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Alleles A4, A23, B4, B164 and F3 are associated with low protein content parameters (10.8-11.5%) in barley grain.
- Taxon
- barley
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Hordeum vulgaree2 - Organ / stage
- barley graine2
- Gene
- A4, A23, B4, B164 and F3e1
- Outcome
- protein content parameterse1
- Direction
- lowerinferrede1
- Value
- 10.8-11.5%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“the variants A4, A23, B4, B164 and F3 clearly associated with low protein content parameters (10.8-11.5%) and high extractive substances (81.1-82.6%) in barley grain”
e2“in barley grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Alleles A4, A23, B4, B164 and F3 are associated with high extractive substances (81.1-82.6%) in barley grain.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree2
- Organ / stage
- barley graine2
- Gene
- A4, A23, B4, B164 and F3e1
- Outcome
- extractive substancese1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 81.1-82.6%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“the variants A4, A23, B4, B164 and F3 clearly associated with low protein content parameters (10.8-11.5%) and high extractive substances (81.1-82.6%) in barley grain”
e2“in barley grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Alleles A126, B21, B25 and F1 are associated with higher protein level (12.6-13.3%) and are valuable for feed purposes.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree2
- Gene
- A126, B21, B25, F1e3
- Outcome
- protein levele3
- Direction
- highere3
- Value
- 12.6-13.3%e3
- Qualifier
- valuable for feed purposese3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“in barley grain”
e3“The alleles A126, B21, B25, F1, associated with a higher protein level (12.6-13.3%), turned out to be valuable for feed purposes”
Claim · model-written summary
Allelic variants A2, A23, B28 and F2 are associated with grain quality indices of universal use.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree2
- Gene
- A2, A23, B28, and F2e4
- Outcome
- Grain quality indices of universal usee4
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“in barley grain”
e4“Grain quality indices of universal use are associated with allelic variants A2, A23, B28, and F2”
Claim · model-written summary
Allele A23 occurred at 11.1% frequency in malting barley.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree2
- Material
- malting barleye5
- Gene
- A23e5
- Outcome
- frequency of allele occurrencee5
- Value
- 11.1%e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“in barley grain”
e5“According to the frequency of allele occurrence, it was found that the main direction of selection in malting barley was in the direction of allele variants A23 (11.1%), B45 (8.3%), B164 (11.1%), F3 (22.2%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Allele B45 occurred at 8.3% frequency in malting barley.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree2
- Material
- malting barleye5
- Gene
- B45e5
- Outcome
- frequency of allele occurrencee5
- Value
- 8.3%e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“in barley grain”
e5“According to the frequency of allele occurrence, it was found that the main direction of selection in malting barley was in the direction of allele variants A23 (11.1%), B45 (8.3%), B164 (11.1%), F3 (22.2%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Allele B164 occurred at 11.1% frequency in malting barley.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree2
- Material
- malting barleye5
- Gene
- B164e5
- Outcome
- frequency of allele occurrencee5
- Value
- 11.1%e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“in barley grain”
e5“According to the frequency of allele occurrence, it was found that the main direction of selection in malting barley was in the direction of allele variants A23 (11.1%), B45 (8.3%), B164 (11.1%), F3 (22.2%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Allele F3 occurred at 22.2% frequency in malting barley.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree2
- Material
- malting barleye5
- Gene
- F3e5
- Outcome
- frequency of allele occurrencee5
- Value
- 22.2%e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“in barley grain”
e5“According to the frequency of allele occurrence, it was found that the main direction of selection in malting barley was in the direction of allele variants A23 (11.1%), B45 (8.3%), B164 (11.1%), F3 (22.2%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Allele A2 occurred at 22.2% frequency in forage varieties.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“in barley grain”
e6“The forage varieties were characterized by a high frequency of A2 (22.2%), B25 (25.0%), F2 (27.8%) alleles, and universal varieties - A2 (22.2%), B8 (25.0%), F2 (22.2%) alleles”
Claim · model-written summary
Allele B25 occurred at 25.0% frequency in forage varieties.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“in barley grain”
e6“The forage varieties were characterized by a high frequency of A2 (22.2%), B25 (25.0%), F2 (27.8%) alleles, and universal varieties - A2 (22.2%), B8 (25.0%), F2 (22.2%) alleles”
Claim · model-written summary
Allele F2 occurred at 27.8% frequency in forage varieties.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“in barley grain”
e6“The forage varieties were characterized by a high frequency of A2 (22.2%), B25 (25.0%), F2 (27.8%) alleles, and universal varieties - A2 (22.2%), B8 (25.0%), F2 (22.2%) alleles”
Claim · model-written summary
Allele A2 occurred at 22.2% frequency in universal varieties.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“in barley grain”
e6“The forage varieties were characterized by a high frequency of A2 (22.2%), B25 (25.0%), F2 (27.8%) alleles, and universal varieties - A2 (22.2%), B8 (25.0%), F2 (22.2%) alleles”
Claim · model-written summary
Allele B8 occurred at 25.0% frequency in universal varieties.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“in barley grain”
e6“The forage varieties were characterized by a high frequency of A2 (22.2%), B25 (25.0%), F2 (27.8%) alleles, and universal varieties - A2 (22.2%), B8 (25.0%), F2 (22.2%) alleles”
Claim · model-written summary
Allele F2 occurred at 22.2% frequency in universal varieties.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“in barley grain”
e6“The forage varieties were characterized by a high frequency of A2 (22.2%), B25 (25.0%), F2 (27.8%) alleles, and universal varieties - A2 (22.2%), B8 (25.0%), F2 (22.2%) alleles”
Claim · model-written summary
Hordein allele combinations characteristic of the best malting, universal and forage barley were identified.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree2
- Outcome
- formulas of hordein combining allelese7
- Qualifier
- characteristic of the best varieties of malting barleye7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“in barley grain”
e7“The formulas of hordein combining alleles characteristic of the best varieties of malting barley (A2 B45 F2; A2 B45F 3; A23 B164 F3; A4 B164 F3), universal barley (A2 B8 F2; A18 B8 F2; A23 B8 F2) and forage barley (A2 B25 F1) were identified”