Abstract
Developing processes that contribute to the valorization of vegetable wastes is of great importance since these residues are characterized by being of high quality, having a huge potential for valorization. However, upcycling vegetables residues and defining specific applications for the value-added products obtained might be a challenge, and they should be tackled by means of different and complementary innovations. In the present study, broccoli and white cabbage discards were transformed into powdered products by means of selected techniques and conditions, which have been explored for applications in the agri-food sector. The obtained brassica powders were rich in bioactive compounds such as phenolics and isothiocyanates. Their antioxidant properties in response to in vitro digestion were evaluated to assess the potential of the products as functional food ingredients. On the other hand, brassica powders were tested as bioherbicides. For that purpose, inhibition tests on weed germination and growth of weeds from agricultural soil seedbank and selected species (Lolium rigidum, Papaver rhoeas, Portulaca oleracea, and Echicnochloa crus-galli) were performed under controlled greenhouse conditions. In vitro simulated digestion studies demonstrated that bioactive constituents of powders were progressively released during digestion, and consequently, a part of them could be finally absorbed and, thus, provide their beneficial effect. Brassica bioproducts significantly reduced the germination of weeds from the agricultural soil seedbank, and the selected weed species tested, namely L. rigidum, P. rhoeas, P. oleracea, and E. crus-galli. Powders also showed a negative effect on the root weight and length of dicotyledonous weeds from the soil seedbank and L. rigidum, whereas a stimulatory effect was observed on the spring–summer species, E. crus-galli and P. oleracea. The results of this work contribute to extending the range of applications for brassica industrialization wastes.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Brassica powders contained phenolics and isothiocyanates.
- Taxon
- Broccoli and Cabbage
Brassica oleracea var. capitata
Brassica oleracea var. italicat0 - Outcome
- phenolics and isothiocyanatese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broccoli and Cabbage Wastes”
e0“The obtained brassica powders were rich in bioactive compounds such as phenolics and isothiocyanates”
Claim · model-written summary
Bioactive constituents of the powders were progressively released during simulated digestion.
- Taxon
- Broccoli and CabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitataBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Outcome
- bioactive constituents of powderse0
- Direction
- progressively releasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broccoli and Cabbage Wastes”
e0“bioactive constituents of powders were progressively released during digestion”
Claim · model-written summary
Brassica bioproducts significantly reduced germination of agricultural soil seedbank weeds.
- Taxon
- Broccoli and CabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitataBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- Brassica bioproductse0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- germination of weeds from the agricultural soil seedbanke0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broccoli and Cabbage Wastes”
e0“Brassica bioproducts significantly reduced the germination of weeds from the agricultural soil seedbank”
Claim · model-written summary
Brassica bioproducts significantly reduced germination of L. rigidum.
- Taxon
- Broccoli and CabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitataBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- Brassica bioproductse0
- Interactor
- L. rigidum
Lolium rigidume0weed - Outcome
- germination of weedse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broccoli and Cabbage Wastes”
e0“Brassica bioproducts significantly reduced the germination of weeds from the agricultural soil seedbank, and the selected weed species tested, namely L. rigidum, P. rhoeas, P. oleracea, and E. crus-galli”
Claim · model-written summary
Brassica bioproducts significantly reduced germination of P. rhoeas.
- Taxon
- Broccoli and CabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitataBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- Brassica bioproductse0
- Interactor
- P. rhoeas
Papaver rhoease0weed - Outcome
- germination of weedse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broccoli and Cabbage Wastes”
e0“Brassica bioproducts significantly reduced the germination of weeds from the agricultural soil seedbank, and the selected weed species tested, namely L. rigidum, P. rhoeas, P. oleracea, and E. crus-galli”
Claim · model-written summary
Brassica bioproducts significantly reduced germination of P. oleracea.
- Taxon
- Broccoli and CabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitataBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- Brassica bioproductse0
- Interactor
- P. oleracea
Portulaca oleraceae0weed - Outcome
- germination of weedse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broccoli and Cabbage Wastes”
e0“Brassica bioproducts significantly reduced the germination of weeds from the agricultural soil seedbank, and the selected weed species tested, namely L. rigidum, P. rhoeas, P. oleracea, and E. crus-galli”
Claim · model-written summary
Brassica bioproducts significantly reduced germination of E. crus-galli.
- Taxon
- Broccoli and CabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitataBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- Brassica bioproductse0
- Interactor
- E. crus-gallie0weed
- Outcome
- germination of weedse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broccoli and Cabbage Wastes”
e0“Brassica bioproducts significantly reduced the germination of weeds from the agricultural soil seedbank, and the selected weed species tested, namely L. rigidum, P. rhoeas, P. oleracea, and E. crus-galli”
Claim · model-written summary
Powders negatively affected root weight and length of dicotyledonous seedbank weeds.
- Taxon
- Broccoli and CabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitataBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- Powderse0
- Interactor
- dicotyledonous weedse0weed
- Outcome
- root weight and length of dicotyledonous weedse0
- Direction
- negative effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broccoli and Cabbage Wastes”
e0“Powders also showed a negative effect on the root weight and length of dicotyledonous weeds from the soil seedbank”
Claim · model-written summary
Powders negatively affected root weight and length of L. rigidum.
- Taxon
- Broccoli and CabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitataBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- Powderse0
- Interactor
- L. rigidumLolium rigidume0weed
- Outcome
- root weight and lengthe0
- Direction
- negative effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broccoli and Cabbage Wastes”
e0“Powders also showed a negative effect on the root weight and length of dicotyledonous weeds from the soil seedbank and L. rigidum”
Claim · model-written summary
Powders stimulated E. crus-galli root growth.
- Taxon
- Broccoli and CabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitataBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Interactor
- E. crus-gallie0weed
- Outcome
- stimulatory effecte0
- Direction
- stimulatorye0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broccoli and Cabbage Wastes”
e0“a stimulatory effect was observed on the spring–summer species, E. crus-galli and P. oleracea”
Claim · model-written summary
Powders stimulated P. oleracea root growth.
- Taxon
- Broccoli and CabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitataBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Interactor
- P. oleraceaPortulaca oleraceae0weed
- Outcome
- stimulatory effecte0
- Direction
- stimulatorye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Broccoli and Cabbage Wastes”
e0“a stimulatory effect was observed on the spring–summer species, E. crus-galli and P. oleracea”