Abstract
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the seed health status of tomato and their affectivity against fungal pathogens. The eight tomato varieties viz. Binatomato-6 (V1), Binatomato-7 (V2), Binatomato-10 (V3), Binatomato-11 (V4), Binatomato-12 (V5), Binatomato-13 (V6), Ratan (V7) and Roma VF (V8) and sixteen bio–agents and fungicide treatments viz. control (T0), Garlic (w/v) @ 1:1 (T1), 1:2 (T2), 1:3 (T3), Neem (w/v) @ 1:1 (T4), 1:2 (T5), 1:3 (T6), Allamonda (w/v) @ 1:1 (T7), 1:2 (T8), 1:3 (T9), Trichoderma sp. (w/v) @ 1:1 (T10), 1:2 (T11), 1:3 (T12), Sinkar (w/v) @ 1:1 (T13), 1:2 (T14) and 1:3 (T15) were used for the study. Results revealed that the apparently healthy seed was significantly highest (84.42%) in Binatomato-13 which showed the lowest discolored (3.32%) and deformed (3.02%) seed included the highest seed germination (93.0%), longest shoot (6.5 cm) and highest vigor index (1239.31). Six seed–borne fungi namely A. flavus, A. niger, F. oxysporum, C. lunata, Rhizopus sp and Penicillium sp. were identified where Ratan had highly susceptible (20.0%) and Binatomato-12 was the highly effective against the fungal incidence (7.64%) with highest mean incidence of A. flavus (3.18%) and lowest with Penicillium sp. (0.10%), incases of plant extracts, neem @ 1:1 w/v showed the highest vigor index (1433.20) which showed highest significant influenced on normal seedling (79.67%) and lowest abnormal seedling (9.67%) with reduced rate of dead (4.33) and hard (2.33%) seed. Application of neem @ 1:1 w/v also effective for the highest reduction of A. flavus (1.67%), F. oxysporum (0.60%), C. lunata (1.33%), R. stolonifer (1.0%) and Penicillium sp. (0.10%) while T3 (Garlic @ 1:3) was for A. niger (1.06). So, Binatomato-13 was the best qualitative variety while Neem @ (1:1) w/v was the proposing plant extract which have higher capability to reduce the seed borne infection. SAARC J. Agric., 22(2): 139-151 (2024)
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Binatomato-13 had the highest proportion of apparently healthy seed.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Material
- Binatomato-13e1
- Outcome
- apparently healthy seede1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 84.42%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Seed Health”
e1“the apparently healthy seed was significantly highest (84.42%) in Binatomato-13”
Claim · model-written summary
Binatomato-13 had the highest seed germination.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Binatomato-13e1
- Outcome
- seed germinatione2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 93.0%e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Seed Health”
e1“the apparently healthy seed was significantly highest (84.42%) in Binatomato-13”
e2“included the highest seed germination (93.0%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Binatomato-13 had the longest shoot.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Binatomato-13e1
- Outcome
- shoote3
- Direction
- longeste3
- Value
- 6.5 cme3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Seed Health”
e1“the apparently healthy seed was significantly highest (84.42%) in Binatomato-13”
e3“longest shoot (6.5 cm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Binatomato-13 had the highest vigor index.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Binatomato-13e1
- Outcome
- vigor indexe4
- Direction
- higheste4
- Value
- 1239.31e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Seed Health”
e1“the apparently healthy seed was significantly highest (84.42%) in Binatomato-13”
e4“highest vigor index (1239.31)”
Claim · model-written summary
Binatomato-13 had the lowest proportion of discolored seed.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Binatomato-13e1
- Outcome
- discolorede5
- Direction
- loweste5
- Value
- 3.32%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Seed Health”
e1“the apparently healthy seed was significantly highest (84.42%) in Binatomato-13”
e5“showed the lowest discolored (3.32%) and deformed (3.02%) seed”
Claim · model-written summary
Binatomato-13 had the lowest proportion of deformed seed.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Binatomato-13e1
- Outcome
- deformede5
- Direction
- loweste5
- Value
- 3.02%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Seed Health”
e1“the apparently healthy seed was significantly highest (84.42%) in Binatomato-13”
e5“showed the lowest discolored (3.32%) and deformed (3.02%) seed”
Claim · model-written summary
Ratan was highly susceptible to fungal incidence (20.0%).
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Ratane7
- Outcome
- fungal incidencee7
- Direction
- highly susceptiblee7
- Value
- 20.0%e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Seed Health”
e7“Ratan had highly susceptible (20.0%) and Binatomato-12 was the highly effective against the fungal incidence (7.64%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Binatomato-12 was highly effective against fungal incidence (7.64%).
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Binatomato-12e7
- Outcome
- fungal incidencee7
- Direction
- highly effectivee7
- Value
- 7.64%e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Seed Health”
e7“Ratan had highly susceptible (20.0%) and Binatomato-12 was the highly effective against the fungal incidence (7.64%)”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest mean incidence of A. flavus was 3.18% in seed.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- A. flavuse6pathogen
- Outcome
- mean incidencee6
- Direction
- higheste6
- Value
- 3.18%e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Seed Health”
e6“with highest mean incidence of A. flavus (3.18%) and lowest with Penicillium sp. (0.10%)”
Claim · model-written summary
The lowest mean incidence of Penicillium sp. was 0.10% in seed.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- Penicillium sp.
Penicilliume6pathogen - Outcome
- mean incidencee6
- Direction
- loweste6
- Value
- 0.10%e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Seed Health”
e6“with highest mean incidence of A. flavus (3.18%) and lowest with Penicillium sp. (0.10%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem at 1:1 w/v gave the highest vigor index (1433.20).
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- neem @ 1:1 w/ve0
- Outcome
- vigor indexe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1433.20e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Seed Health”
e0“neem @ 1:1 w/v showed the highest vigor index (1433.20)”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem at 1:1 w/v gave the highest normal seedling percentage (79.67%).
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- neem @ 1:1 w/ve0
- Outcome
- normal seedlinge6
- Direction
- higheste6
- Value
- 79.67%e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Seed Health”
e0“neem @ 1:1 w/v showed the highest vigor index (1433.20)”
e6“which showed highest significant influenced on normal seedling (79.67%) and lowest abnormal seedling (9.67%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem at 1:1 w/v gave the lowest abnormal seedling percentage (9.67%).
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- neem @ 1:1 w/ve0
- Outcome
- abnormal seedlinge6
- Direction
- loweste6
- Value
- 9.67%e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Seed Health”
e0“neem @ 1:1 w/v showed the highest vigor index (1433.20)”
e6“which showed highest significant influenced on normal seedling (79.67%) and lowest abnormal seedling (9.67%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem at 1:1 w/v reduced the rate of dead seed (4.33).
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- neem @ 1:1 w/ve0
- Outcome
- rate of deade6
- Direction
- reducede6
- Value
- 4.33e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Seed Health”
e0“neem @ 1:1 w/v showed the highest vigor index (1433.20)”
e6“with reduced rate of dead (4.33) and hard (2.33%) seed”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem at 1:1 w/v reduced the rate of hard seed (2.33%).
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- neem @ 1:1 w/ve0
- Outcome
- harde6
- Direction
- reducede6
- Value
- 2.33%e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Seed Health”
e0“neem @ 1:1 w/v showed the highest vigor index (1433.20)”
e6“with reduced rate of dead (4.33) and hard (2.33%) seed”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem at 1:1 w/v gave the highest reduction of A. flavus (1.67%).
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- neem @ 1:1 w/ve0
- Interactor
- A. flavuse0pathogen
- Outcome
- reduction of A. flavuse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1.67%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Seed Health”
e0“Application of neem @ 1:1 w/v also effective for the highest reduction of A. flavus (1.67%)”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
202 papers in the same direction as this paper · 87 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- negative
287 papers more in this group
See all 291 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.