Abstract
) contains a lot of nutrients, and has a long history of cultivation and extensive consumption. In this study, six waxy maize varieties of white (J18 and W2000), yellow (J41 and J7), and black (J10 and J20) were selected as experimental materials, and the functional nutrients and the differences in anthocyanin anabolic pathways in maize kernels at 14, 18, 22, and 26 days after pollination were determined. The result show that the varieties and kernel development stages had significant effect on the carotenoid, soluble sugar, vitamin C, anthocyanin, and mineral element content. The black waxy maize varieties had a higher anthocyanin content, which plays an important role in maize kernel coloration, whereas the yellow and black waxy maize varieties exhibit a greater abundance of mineral elements. Furthermore, the phenylalanine content, as well as the activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), chalcone isomerase (CHI), dihydroflavonol reductase (DFR), and flavonoid 3-glucosyltransferase (UFGT), played a significant role in the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway. In conclusion, the comprehensive functional quality of waxy maize decreased with the delay of kernel development stage, and the black waxy maize varieties demonstrated superior functional quality. The PAL and CHI played a primary role in the initial phase of anthocyanin accumulation, while UFGT gradually assumed control in the subsequent stages.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Variety and kernel development stage significantly affected carotenoid, soluble sugar and vitamin C content in waxy maize.
Zea maysNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in maize kernels at 14, 18, 22, and 26 days after pollination”
e1“The result show that the varieties and kernel development stages had significant effect on the carotenoid, soluble sugar, vitamin C, anthocyanin, and mineral element content”
Claim · model-written summary
Variety and kernel development stage significantly affected anthocyanin content in waxy maize.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in maize kernels at 14, 18, 22, and 26 days after pollination”
e1“The result show that the varieties and kernel development stages had significant effect on the carotenoid, soluble sugar, vitamin C, anthocyanin, and mineral element content”
Claim · model-written summary
Variety and kernel development stage significantly affected mineral element content in waxy maize.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in maize kernels at 14, 18, 22, and 26 days after pollination”
e1“The result show that the varieties and kernel development stages had significant effect on the carotenoid, soluble sugar, vitamin C, anthocyanin, and mineral element content”
Claim · model-written summary
Black waxy maize varieties had a higher anthocyanin content.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The black waxy maize varieties had a higher anthocyanin content, which plays an important role in maize kernel coloration”
Claim · model-written summary
Yellow and black waxy maize varieties have a greater abundance of mineral elements.
- Material
- yellow and black waxy maize varietiese3
- Outcome
- abundance of mineral elementse3
- Direction
- greatere3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“whereas the yellow and black waxy maize varieties exhibit a greater abundance of mineral elements”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenylalanine content played a significant role in the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway of maize kernels.
- Compound
- phenylalaninee4
- Outcome
- anthocyanin biosynthetic pathwaye4
- Qualifier
- played a significant rolee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in maize kernels at 14, 18, 22, and 26 days after pollination”
e4“Furthermore, the phenylalanine content, as well as the activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), chalcone isomerase (CHI), dihydroflavonol reductase (DFR), and flavonoid 3-glucosyltransferase (UFGT), played a significant role in the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway”
Claim · model-written summary
PAL and CHI played a primary role in the initial phase of anthocyanin accumulation in maize kernels.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in maize kernels at 14, 18, 22, and 26 days after pollination”
e6“The PAL and CHI played a primary role in the initial phase of anthocyanin accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
UFGT gradually took control of anthocyanin biosynthesis in the subsequent stages of kernel development.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in maize kernels at 14, 18, 22, and 26 days after pollination”
e7“while UFGT gradually assumed control in the subsequent stages”
Claim · model-written summary
Comprehensive functional quality of waxy maize decreased as kernel development stage was delayed.
- Organ / stage
- kernel development stagee5
- Outcome
- comprehensive functional qualitye5
- Direction
- decreasede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“the comprehensive functional quality of waxy maize decreased with the delay of kernel development stage, and the black waxy maize varieties demonstrated superior functional quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Black waxy maize varieties demonstrated superior functional quality.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“the comprehensive functional quality of waxy maize decreased with the delay of kernel development stage, and the black waxy maize varieties demonstrated superior functional quality”