Abstract
The article presents the results of studies carried out in order to determine changes in the agrophysical properties of soil, its microbiological activity and species composition of weeds, depending on the method of soybean cultivation. The studies were carried out by using meadow chernozem-like medium-power soil in the experimental field of the All-Russian Research Institute of Soybean in a long crop rotation with 40% of soybean saturation, permanent and repeated soybean crops. Cultivation of soybean in the crop rotation in the end of the growing season resulted in increase, in 20-cm soil layer, in the moisture content available to plants by 6.0-6.8 mm, general porosity by 2.3-2.9%, decrease in soil density by 0.06-0.08 g/cm3 in comparison with repeated and permanent soybean crops. During the growing season, the total number of agronomically useful microorganisms in the permanent crops ranged from 7.5 to 31.5 million CFU/1 g of soil, in the crop rotation – from 17.1 to 26.0. In the soil of the crop rotation, the processes of mineralization proceeded more actively in the phases of the beginning of flowering (mineralization coefficient (Cmin) in the crop rotation – 5.1, in permanent crops – 2.6) and in the phase of ripening of soybeans (Cmin 2.7 and 0.8, respectively), in the remaining phases – at the same level with permanent crops (Cmin 3.7-4.4). The number of weeds, when soybean was placed in the crop rotation, amounted to 66.7 pcs./m2 , which was 2.2 times less than in permanent crops and 4.6 times less than in repeated crops. Soybean cultivation in crop rotation contributed to maintaining optimal conditions for the growth and development of crops and to increase in soybean yield by 0.4 t/ha on average.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean in crop rotation increased soil moisture available to plants by 6.0-6.8 mm compared with repeated and permanent soybean crops.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- Cultivation of soybean in the crop rotatione1
- Outcome
- moisture content available to plantse1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 6.0-6.8 mme1
- Qualifier
- in the end of the growing seasone1
- Comparator
- repeated and permanent soybean cropse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean cultivation”
e1“Cultivation of soybean in the crop rotation in the end of the growing season resulted in increase, in 20-cm soil layer, in the moisture content available to plants by 6.0-6.8 mm, general porosity by 2.3-2.9%, decrease in soil density by 0.06-0.08 g/cm3 in comparison with repeated and permanent soybean crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean in crop rotation increased general soil porosity by 2.3-2.9% compared with repeated and permanent soybean crops.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Cultivation of soybean in the crop rotatione1
- Outcome
- general porositye1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 2.3-2.9%e1
- Comparator
- repeated and permanent soybean cropse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean cultivation”
e1“Cultivation of soybean in the crop rotation in the end of the growing season resulted in increase, in 20-cm soil layer, in the moisture content available to plants by 6.0-6.8 mm, general porosity by 2.3-2.9%, decrease in soil density by 0.06-0.08 g/cm3 in comparison with repeated and permanent soybean crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean in crop rotation decreased soil density by 0.06-0.08 g/cm3 compared with repeated and permanent soybean crops.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Cultivation of soybean in the crop rotatione1
- Outcome
- soil densitye1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Value
- 0.06-0.08 g/cm3e1
- Comparator
- repeated and permanent soybean cropse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean cultivation”
e1“Cultivation of soybean in the crop rotation in the end of the growing season resulted in increase, in 20-cm soil layer, in the moisture content available to plants by 6.0-6.8 mm, general porosity by 2.3-2.9%, decrease in soil density by 0.06-0.08 g/cm3 in comparison with repeated and permanent soybean crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Agronomically useful soil microorganisms ranged from 17.1 to 26.0 in crop rotation and from 7.5 to 31.5 million CFU/1 g of soil in permanent crops.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- in the crop rotatione2
- Outcome
- total number of agronomically useful microorganismse2
- Value
- 17.1 to 26.0e2
- Comparator
- permanent cropse2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean cultivation”
e2“the total number of agronomically useful microorganisms in the permanent crops ranged from 7.5 to 31.5 million CFU/1 g of soil, in the crop rotation – from 17.1 to 26.0”
Claim · model-written summary
Mineralization proceeded more actively in crop rotation than in permanent crops at the beginning of flowering, Cmin 5.1 versus 2.6.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- beginning of floweringe3
- Treatment
- crop rotatione3
- Outcome
- mineralization coefficient (Cmin)e3
- Direction
- more activelye3
- Value
- 5.1e3
- Comparator
- permanent cropse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean cultivation”
e3“the processes of mineralization proceeded more actively in the phases of the beginning of flowering (mineralization coefficient (Cmin) in the crop rotation – 5.1, in permanent crops – 2.6) and in the phase of ripening of soybeans (Cmin 2.7 and 0.8, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mineralization proceeded more actively in crop rotation than in permanent crops at the ripening phase of soybean, Cmin 2.7 versus 0.8.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- phase of ripening of soybeanse3
- Treatment
- crop rotatione3
- Outcome
- mineralizatione3
- Direction
- more activelye3
- Value
- 2.7 and 0.8e3
- Comparator
- permanent cropse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean cultivation”
e3“the processes of mineralization proceeded more actively in the phases of the beginning of flowering (mineralization coefficient (Cmin) in the crop rotation – 5.1, in permanent crops – 2.6) and in the phase of ripening of soybeans (Cmin 2.7 and 0.8, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mineralization in the remaining soybean phases was at the same level in crop rotation and permanent crops, Cmin 3.7-4.4.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- remaining phasese4
- Outcome
- Cmine4
- Direction
- at the same levele4
- Value
- 3.7-4.4e4
- Comparator
- permanent cropse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean cultivation”
e4“in the remaining phases – at the same level with permanent crops (Cmin 3.7-4.4)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean placed in crop rotation had 66.7 weeds per m2, fewer than in permanent and repeated crops.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- soybean was placed in the crop rotatione5
- Outcome
- number of weedse5
- Direction
- lesse5
- Value
- 66.7 pcs./m2e5
- Qualifier
- 2.2 times less than in permanent crops and 4.6 times less than in repeated cropse5
- Comparator
- permanent cropse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean cultivation”
e5“The number of weeds, when soybean was placed in the crop rotation, amounted to 66.7 pcs./m2 , which was 2.2 times less than in permanent crops and 4.6 times less than in repeated crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean cultivation in crop rotation increased soybean yield by 0.4 t/ha on average.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Soybean cultivation in crop rotatione6
- Outcome
- soybean yielde6
- Direction
- increasee6
- Value
- 0.4 t/hae6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean cultivation”
e6“Soybean cultivation in crop rotation contributed to maintaining optimal conditions for the growth and development of crops and to increase in soybean yield by 0.4 t/ha on average”
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