Abstract
Physalis alkekengi L. fruit polysaccharides can reduce blood sugar, regulate blood lipids, and improve intestinal flora structure. However, the specific polysaccharide components exerting these effects are unclear. In this study, we extracted, separated, purified, and characterized the P. alkekengi polysaccharides Phy-1a, Phy-1b, and Phy-1c. Ion chromatography showed that Phy-1b was mainly composed of rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, and xylose at a molar ratio of 3.0:19.8:47.5:20.9:8.8, and Phy-1c was composed of rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, ribose Galactosamine hydrochloride and Glucosamine hydrochloride at a molar ratio of 10.4:7.9:22.8:30.5:4.6:4.4:19.4:3.9:5.8. Neither of these polysaccharides contained uronic acid, indicating their neutral property. Methylation analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed that Phy-1b was mainly composed of terminal sugars (1-Araf); 1,5-Araf; 1,4-Xylp; 1-Glcp; 2,4-Rhap; 1,3-Glcp; 1,4-Galp; 1,4-Glcp; 1,3-Galp; 1,6-Glcp; 1,3,6-Glcp; and 1,4,6-Galp at a molar ratio of 5.2:7.1:7.8:13.7:6.3:11.2:7.0:16.3:7.4:6.0:6.8:5.3, with the main chain being →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→4)-β-d-Galp-(1→4)-β-d-Galp-(1→[3)-β-d-Glcp-(1]2→3)-β-d-Glcp-(1→[4)-β-d-Glcp-(1]2→ and the branched chains being β-L-Araf-(1→5)-β-L-Araf-(1→, β-d-Glcp-(1→4)-β-d-Xylp-(1→ 3)-β-d-Galp-(1→, and β-d-Glcp-(1→6)-β-d-Glcp-(1→. The three fragments, respectively, pass through the O-4 key of →2,4)-α-l-Rhap-(1→, O-6 key of →4,6)-β-d-Galp-(1→, and O-6 of →3,6)-β-d-Glcp-(1→ connected to the main chain. These results provide a reference for enhancing the utilization value of P. alkekengi resources to promote its high-value and efficient processing.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Phy-1b from P. alkekengi was mainly composed of rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose and xylose at a molar ratio of 3.0:19.8:47.5:20.9:8.8.
- Taxon
- Physalis alkekengi L.
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Alkekengi officinarumt0 - Outcome
- Phy-1b was mainly composed of rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, and xylosee0
- Value
- 3.0:19.8:47.5:20.9:8.8e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
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Verbatim
e0“Phy-1b was mainly composed of rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, and xylose at a molar ratio of 3.0:19.8:47.5:20.9:8.8”
t0“Physalis alkekengi L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Phy-1c from P. alkekengi was composed of rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, ribose, galactosamine hydrochloride and glucosamine hydrochloride at a molar ratio of 10.4:7.9:22.8:30.5:4.6:4.4:19.4:3.9:5.8.
- Taxon
- Physalis alkekengi L.Alkekengi officinarumt0
- Outcome
- Phy-1c was composed of rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, ribose Galactosamine hydrochloride and Glucosamine hydrochloridee0
- Value
- 10.4:7.9:22.8:30.5:4.6:4.4:19.4:3.9:5.8e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phy-1c was composed of rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, ribose Galactosamine hydrochloride and Glucosamine hydrochloride at a molar ratio of 10.4:7.9:22.8:30.5:4.6:4.4:19.4:3.9:5.8”
t0“Physalis alkekengi L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Neither Phy-1b nor Phy-1c contained uronic acid, indicating that they are neutral polysaccharides.
- Taxon
- Physalis alkekengi L.Alkekengi officinarumt0
- Outcome
- Neither of these polysaccharides contained uronic acide0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Neither of these polysaccharides contained uronic acid, indicating their neutral property”
t0“Physalis alkekengi L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Methylation analysis and NMR showed Phy-1b to be mainly composed of terminal and linked arabinose, xylose, glucose, rhamnose and galactose residues at the stated molar ratio.
- Taxon
- Physalis alkekengi L.Alkekengi officinarumt0
- Outcome
- Phy-1b was mainly composed of terminal sugars (1-Araf)e0
- Value
- 5.2:7.1:7.8:13.7:6.3:11.2:7.0:16.3:7.4:6.0:6.8:5.3e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phy-1b was mainly composed of terminal sugars (1-Araf); 1,5-Araf; 1,4-Xylp; 1-Glcp; 2,4-Rhap; 1,3-Glcp; 1,4-Galp; 1,4-Glcp; 1,3-Galp; 1,6-Glcp; 1,3,6-Glcp; and 1,4,6-Galp at a molar ratio of 5.2:7.1:7.8:13.7:6.3:11.2:7.0:16.3:7.4:6.0:6.8:5.3”
t0“Physalis alkekengi L.”
Claim · model-written summary
The main chain of Phy-1b was determined as a repeating sequence of rhamnose, galactose and glucose linkages.
- Taxon
- Physalis alkekengi L.Alkekengi officinarumt0
- Outcome
- main chaine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with the main chain being →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→4)-β-d-Galp-(1→4)-β-d-Galp-(1→[3)-β-d-Glcp-(1]2→3)-β-d-Glcp-(1→[4)-β-d-Glcp-(1]2→”
t0“Physalis alkekengi L.”
Claim · model-written summary
The branched chains of Phy-1b were identified as arabinose, glucose-xylose-galactose and glucose-glucose sequences.
- Taxon
- Physalis alkekengi L.Alkekengi officinarumt0
- Outcome
- branched chainse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the branched chains being β-L-Araf-(1→5)-β-L-Araf-(1→, β-d-Glcp-(1→4)-β-d-Xylp-(1→ 3)-β-d-Galp-(1→, and β-d-Glcp-(1→6)-β-d-Glcp-(1→”
t0“Physalis alkekengi L.”
Claim · model-written summary
The three branch fragments are connected to the main chain through the O-4 of 2,4-linked Rha, the O-6 of 4,6-linked Gal and the O-6 of 3,6-linked Glc.
- Taxon
- Physalis alkekengi L.Alkekengi officinarumt0
- Outcome
- connected to the main chaine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The three fragments, respectively, pass through the O-4 key of →2,4)-α-l-Rhap-(1→, O-6 key of →4,6)-β-d-Galp-(1→, and O-6 of →3,6)-β-d-Glcp-(1→ connected to the main chain”
t0“Physalis alkekengi L.”