Paper · 2025 · Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International

Cotton and Soybean Based Risk Resilient Intercropping Systems for Rainfed Black Soils of Akola District of Maharashtra, India

R.S. Mali; A.B. Chorey; R.S. Patode; et al.

10
claims
20
verbatim quotes
0
citations
1
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

The National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture Project (NICRA) of AICRP for Dryland Agriculture, Dr. PDKV, Akola is implemented with study to analyze and popularize risk resilient rainfed intercropping systems in black soils of Akola district to mitigate climate vulnerability. Keeping this point in view, the assessment studies on different intercropping systems along with their respective sole crops were implemented as technology demonstrations in a participatory demonstration and action research mode with active participation of farmers in Warkhed and Kajleshwar village of Barshitakli Taluka of Akola district of Maharashtra during the year 2021-22 to 2023-24 as a part of the study. The intercropping system of soybean + pigeonpea (4:2) has given significantly higher soybean equivalent yield (2040 kg ha-1), net monetary returns (Rs.80891/- ha-1) and B:C ratio (3.65). Soybean + piegeonpea (6:1) also significantly enhance the soybean equivalent yield which was 1829 kg ha-1 and B:C ratio of 3.03 which was higher than sole soybean i.e 1415 kg ha-1 with B:C ratio of 2.59. Cotton + greengram (1:1) recorded higher cotton equivalent yield (2116 Kg ha-1), net monetary returns (Rs.95399/- ha-1), B:C ratio (2.82) and rainwater use efficiency (2.58) over sole cotton which has recorded yield of 1645 Kg ha-1, net monetary returns (Rs.74035/- ha-1), B:C ratio (2.57) and rainwater use efficiency (2.03). In Akola district of Maharashtra soybean + pigeonpea (4:2) and cotton + greengram (1:1) were identified as the best risk resilient intercropping systems that would help provide sustainable crop production in rainfed regions.

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Claims 10

Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Soybean + pigeonpea (4:2) intercropping significantly increased soybean equivalent yield to 2040 kg ha-1.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe1
Treatment
soybean + pigeonpea (4:2)e1
Outcome
soybean equivalent yielde1
Direction
significantly highere1
Value
2040 kg ha-1e1
Setting
Warkhed and Kajleshwar village of Barshitakli Taluka of Akola district of Maharashtrae0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“in Warkhed and Kajleshwar village of Barshitakli Taluka of Akola district of Maharashtra”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 554–642 · show in text ↑
e1

“The intercropping system of soybean + pigeonpea (4:2) has given significantly higher soybean equivalent yield (2040 kg ha-1), net monetary returns (Rs.80891/- ha-1) and B:C ratio (3.65)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 702–887 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Soybean + pigeonpea (4:2) intercropping significantly increased net monetary returns to Rs.80891/- ha-1.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe1
Treatment
soybean + pigeonpea (4:2)e1
Outcome
net monetary returnse1
Direction
significantly highere1
Value
Rs.80891/- ha-1e1
Setting
Warkhed and Kajleshwar village of Barshitakli Taluka of Akola district of Maharashtrae0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“in Warkhed and Kajleshwar village of Barshitakli Taluka of Akola district of Maharashtra”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 554–642 · show in text ↑
e1

“The intercropping system of soybean + pigeonpea (4:2) has given significantly higher soybean equivalent yield (2040 kg ha-1), net monetary returns (Rs.80891/- ha-1) and B:C ratio (3.65)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 702–887 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Soybean + pigeonpea (4:2) intercropping significantly increased the B:C ratio to 3.65.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe1
Treatment
soybean + pigeonpea (4:2)e1
Outcome
B:C ratioe1
Direction
significantly highere1
Value
3.65e1
Setting
Warkhed and Kajleshwar village of Barshitakli Taluka of Akola district of Maharashtrae0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“in Warkhed and Kajleshwar village of Barshitakli Taluka of Akola district of Maharashtra”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 554–642 · show in text ↑
e1

“The intercropping system of soybean + pigeonpea (4:2) has given significantly higher soybean equivalent yield (2040 kg ha-1), net monetary returns (Rs.80891/- ha-1) and B:C ratio (3.65)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 702–887 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Soybean + pigeonpea (6:1) intercropping significantly enhanced soybean equivalent yield to 1829 kg ha-1, above 1415 kg ha-1 in sole soybean.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe2
Treatment
Soybean + piegeonpea (6:1)e2
Outcome
soybean equivalent yielde2
Direction
significantly enhancee2
Value
1829 kg ha-1e2
Qualifier
1415 kg ha-1e2
Comparator
sole soybeane2
Setting
Warkhed and Kajleshwar village of Barshitakli Taluka of Akola district of Maharashtrae0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“in Warkhed and Kajleshwar village of Barshitakli Taluka of Akola district of Maharashtra”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 554–642 · show in text ↑
e2

“Soybean + piegeonpea (6:1) also significantly enhance the soybean equivalent yield which was 1829 kg ha-1 and B:C ratio of 3.03 which was higher than sole soybean i.e 1415 kg ha-1 with B:C ratio of 2.59”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 889–1091 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soybean + pigeonpea (6:1) intercropping gave a higher B:C ratio of 3.03 than sole soybean (2.59).

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe2
Treatment
Soybean + piegeonpea (6:1)e2
Outcome
B:C ratioe2
Direction
highere2
Value
3.03e2
Qualifier
2.59e2
Comparator
sole soybeane2
Setting
Warkhed and Kajleshwar village of Barshitakli Taluka of Akola district of Maharashtrae0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“in Warkhed and Kajleshwar village of Barshitakli Taluka of Akola district of Maharashtra”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 554–642 · show in text ↑
e2

“Soybean + piegeonpea (6:1) also significantly enhance the soybean equivalent yield which was 1829 kg ha-1 and B:C ratio of 3.03 which was higher than sole soybean i.e 1415 kg ha-1 with B:C ratio of 2.59”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 889–1091 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Cotton + greengram (1:1) intercropping gave a higher cotton equivalent yield of 2116 Kg ha-1 than sole cotton.

Treatment
Cotton + greengram (1:1)e3
Outcome
cotton equivalent yielde3
Direction
highere3
Value
2116 Kg ha-1e3
Qualifier
1645 Kg ha-1e3
Comparator
sole cottone3
Setting
Warkhed and Kajleshwar village of Barshitakli Taluka of Akola district of Maharashtrae0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“in Warkhed and Kajleshwar village of Barshitakli Taluka of Akola district of Maharashtra”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 554–642 · show in text ↑
e3

“Cotton + greengram (1:1) recorded higher cotton equivalent yield (2116 Kg ha-1), net monetary returns (Rs.95399/- ha-1), B:C ratio (2.82) and rainwater use efficiency (2.58) over sole cotton which has recorded yield of 1645 Kg ha-1, net monetary returns (Rs.74035/- ha-1), B:C ratio (2.57) and rainwater use efficiency (2.03)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1093–1418 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Cotton + greengram (1:1) intercropping gave higher net monetary returns of Rs.95399/- ha-1 than sole cotton.

Treatment
Cotton + greengram (1:1)e3
Outcome
net monetary returnse3
Direction
highere3
Value
Rs.95399/- ha-1e3
Qualifier
Rs.74035/- ha-1e3
Comparator
sole cottone3
Setting
Warkhed and Kajleshwar village of Barshitakli Taluka of Akola district of Maharashtrae0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“in Warkhed and Kajleshwar village of Barshitakli Taluka of Akola district of Maharashtra”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 554–642 · show in text ↑
e3

“Cotton + greengram (1:1) recorded higher cotton equivalent yield (2116 Kg ha-1), net monetary returns (Rs.95399/- ha-1), B:C ratio (2.82) and rainwater use efficiency (2.58) over sole cotton which has recorded yield of 1645 Kg ha-1, net monetary returns (Rs.74035/- ha-1), B:C ratio (2.57) and rainwater use efficiency (2.03)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1093–1418 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Cotton + greengram (1:1) intercropping gave a higher B:C ratio of 2.82 than sole cotton (2.57).

Treatment
Cotton + greengram (1:1)e3
Outcome
B:C ratioe3
Direction
highere3
Value
2.82e3
Qualifier
2.57e3
Comparator
sole cottone3
Setting
Warkhed and Kajleshwar village of Barshitakli Taluka of Akola district of Maharashtrae0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“in Warkhed and Kajleshwar village of Barshitakli Taluka of Akola district of Maharashtra”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 554–642 · show in text ↑
e3

“Cotton + greengram (1:1) recorded higher cotton equivalent yield (2116 Kg ha-1), net monetary returns (Rs.95399/- ha-1), B:C ratio (2.82) and rainwater use efficiency (2.58) over sole cotton which has recorded yield of 1645 Kg ha-1, net monetary returns (Rs.74035/- ha-1), B:C ratio (2.57) and rainwater use efficiency (2.03)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1093–1418 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Cotton + greengram (1:1) intercropping gave a higher rainwater use efficiency of 2.58 than sole cotton (2.03).

Treatment
Cotton + greengram (1:1)e3
Outcome
rainwater use efficiencye3
Direction
highere3
Value
2.58e3
Qualifier
2.03e3
Comparator
sole cottone3
Setting
Warkhed and Kajleshwar village of Barshitakli Taluka of Akola district of Maharashtrae0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“in Warkhed and Kajleshwar village of Barshitakli Taluka of Akola district of Maharashtra”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 554–642 · show in text ↑
e3

“Cotton + greengram (1:1) recorded higher cotton equivalent yield (2116 Kg ha-1), net monetary returns (Rs.95399/- ha-1), B:C ratio (2.82) and rainwater use efficiency (2.58) over sole cotton which has recorded yield of 1645 Kg ha-1, net monetary returns (Rs.74035/- ha-1), B:C ratio (2.57) and rainwater use efficiency (2.03)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1093–1418 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Soybean + pigeonpea (4:2) and cotton + greengram (1:1) are recommended as the best risk resilient intercropping systems for sustainable crop production in rainfed regions.

Taxon
Cotton and SoybeanGossypium hirsutumGlycine maxt0
Outcome
best risk resilient intercropping systemse4
Setting
rainfed regionse4

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Cotton and Soybean Based Risk Resilient Intercropping Systems”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–61 · show in text ↑
e4

“soybean + pigeonpea (4:2) and cotton + greengram (1:1) were identified as the best risk resilient intercropping systems that would help provide sustainable crop production in rainfed regions”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1453–1643 · show in text ↑

Vigna radiata var. radiata · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results differ

20 papers: 17 positive, 3 negative or no effect

16 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. no effect

16 papers more in this group

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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.