Abstract
In the environment, multiple microbes can interact with each other in the plant phyllosphere. These associations can shape the plant's development, stress responses, and disease susceptibility, but the molecular mechanisms that govern this process remain unexplained. Of interest are the multiple or successive infections that crop plants are exposed to within a growing season. One of the most common and economically important viruses of potato is potato virus Y (PVY, Potyviridae). We show that PVY infection of potato limited the expansion of foliar necrotic lesions caused by the early blight fungus Alternaria solani. The reduced growth phenotype persisted when the fungal mycelium was transferred to solid growth media. RNA-seq analysis of responses in potato and A. solani to the presence of PVY suggested two mechanisms that can explain this interaction. First, in A. solani exposed to PVY-positive leaves, we observed a downregulation of fungal pathogenicity genes. Second, we found that, in the absence of PVY, A. solani downregulates ethylene-responsive defense in potato, but this effect was eliminated when the host was infected with PVY. Our findings expand our understanding of how pathogen virulence can be affected by other pathogens competing for the same host resources. The observation that PVY can alter A. solani infection illustrates the ecological role of viruses as a potential contributor to the development of disease outbreaks. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
PVY infection limited expansion of Alternaria solani foliar lesions on potato.
- Taxon
- Potato
Solanum tuberosumt0 - Treatment
- PVY infectione0
- Interactor
- Alternaria solani
Alternaria solanie0pathogen - Second interactor
- PVY
Potato virus Ye0pathogen - Outcome
- foliar necrotic lesionse0
- Direction
- limitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PVY infection of potato limited the expansion of foliar necrotic lesions caused by the early blight fungus Alternaria solani”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced Alternaria solani growth persisted after transfer to solid medium.
- Taxon
- PotatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Interactor
- fungal myceliume0pathogen
- Outcome
- reduced growth phenotypee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Setting
- solid growth mediae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduced growth phenotype persisted when the fungal mycelium was transferred to solid growth media”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
PVY-positive leaves were associated with downregulation of fungal pathogenicity genes.
- Taxon
- PotatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- PVY-positive leavese0
- Interactor
- A. solaniAlternaria solanie0pathogen
- Outcome
- fungal pathogenicity genese0
- Direction
- downregulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in A. solani exposed to PVY-positive leaves, we observed a downregulation of fungal pathogenicity genes”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
A. solani downregulated potato ethylene-responsive defense without PVY.
- Taxon
- PotatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- A. solanie0
- Interactor
- A. solaniAlternaria solanie0pathogen
- Outcome
- ethylene-responsive defense in potatoe0
- Direction
- downregulatese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the absence of PVY, A. solani downregulates ethylene-responsive defense in potato”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
PVY infection eliminated the fungal suppression of potato ethylene-responsive defense.
- Taxon
- PotatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- infected with PVYe0
- Interactor
- PVYPotato virus Ye0pathogen
- Outcome
- this effecte0
- Direction
- eliminatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but this effect was eliminated when the host was infected with PVY”
t0“Potato”
The same questions in other papers
infection · Potato virus Y · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
11 papers more in this group
See all 15 papers →infection · Alternaria solani · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.