Abstract
), in Kosovo. Leaf samples showing virus-like symptoms were collected from various regions during the summer of 2023. Based on ribodepleted RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, six viruses were identified: cucumber mosaic virus, broad bean wilt virus 2 (BBWV2), potato virus Y, pepper cryptic virus 2 (PCV2), bell pepper endornavirus (BPEV), and ranunculus white mottle virus. BBWV2, PCV2, and BPEV are reported for the first time in the Balkan region. Virus presence was validated using RT-PCR. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the identified viral strains did not cluster according to their hosts and geographical origins. CMV and BBWV2 variants exhibited reassortment events, indicating possible local evolution or novel virus introductions. This research highlights the widespread occurrence of mixed infections in pepper plants and highlights the need for additional research into the virus transmission dynamics and potential reservoir hosts. These findings emphasize the need for continuous surveillance and integrated plant protection strategies to mitigate the impacts of viral infections on pepper and other economically important crops in Kosovo.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Cucumber mosaic virus and broad bean wilt virus 2 were identified in peppers.
- Interactor
- cucumber mosaic virus
cucumber mosaic cucumoviruse1pathogen - Second interactor
- broad bean wilt virus 2 (BBWV2)Broad bean wilt virus 2e1pathogen
- Outcome
- identifiede1
CapsicumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Reveals Multiple Infections in Peppers by Six Plant Viruses”
e1“six viruses were identified: cucumber mosaic virus, broad bean wilt virus 2 (BBWV2), potato virus Y, pepper cryptic virus 2 (PCV2), bell pepper endornavirus (BPEV), and ranunculus white mottle virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Potato virus Y and pepper cryptic virus 2 were identified in peppers.
- Interactor
- potato virus Y
Potato virus Ye1pathogen - Second interactor
- pepper cryptic virus 2 (PCV2)Porcine circovirus 2e1pathogen
- Outcome
- identifiede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Reveals Multiple Infections in Peppers by Six Plant Viruses”
e1“six viruses were identified: cucumber mosaic virus, broad bean wilt virus 2 (BBWV2), potato virus Y, pepper cryptic virus 2 (PCV2), bell pepper endornavirus (BPEV), and ranunculus white mottle virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Bell pepper endornavirus and ranunculus white mottle virus were identified in peppers.
- Interactor
- bell pepper endornavirus (BPEV)Bell pepper alphaendornaviruse1pathogen
- Second interactor
- ranunculus white mottle virusRanunculus white mottle viruse1pathogen
- Outcome
- identifiede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Reveals Multiple Infections in Peppers by Six Plant Viruses”
e1“six viruses were identified: cucumber mosaic virus, broad bean wilt virus 2 (BBWV2), potato virus Y, pepper cryptic virus 2 (PCV2), bell pepper endornavirus (BPEV), and ranunculus white mottle virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Broad bean wilt virus 2 and pepper cryptic virus 2 are reported for the first time in the Balkan region.
- Interactor
- BBWV2e2pathogen
- Second interactor
- PCV2Porcine circovirus 2e2pathogen
- Outcome
- reported for the first timee2
- Setting
- in the Balkan regione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Reveals Multiple Infections in Peppers by Six Plant Viruses”
e2“BBWV2, PCV2, and BPEV are reported for the first time in the Balkan region”
Claim · model-written summary
Bell pepper endornavirus is reported for the first time in the Balkan region.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Reveals Multiple Infections in Peppers by Six Plant Viruses”
e2“BBWV2, PCV2, and BPEV are reported for the first time in the Balkan region”
Claim · model-written summary
Phylogenetic analyses showed that the identified viral strains did not cluster according to their hosts and geographical origins.
- Outcome
- identified viral strainse5
- Direction
- did not clustere5
- Comparator
- their hosts and geographical originse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Reveals Multiple Infections in Peppers by Six Plant Viruses”
e5“Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the identified viral strains did not cluster according to their hosts and geographical origins”
Claim · model-written summary
Cucumber mosaic virus and broad bean wilt virus 2 variants exhibited reassortment events.
- Interactor
- CMVcucumber mosaic cucumoviruse4pathogen
- Second interactor
- BBWV2e4pathogen
- Outcome
- reassortment eventse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Reveals Multiple Infections in Peppers by Six Plant Viruses”
e4“CMV and BBWV2 variants exhibited reassortment events”
Claim · model-written summary
Virus presence in the samples was validated by RT-PCR.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Reveals Multiple Infections in Peppers by Six Plant Viruses”
e3“Virus presence was validated using RT-PCR”
Claim · model-written summary
Mixed virus infections occur widely in pepper plants.
Verbatim
e6“This research highlights the widespread occurrence of mixed infections in pepper plants”