Abstract
High nitrogen (N) fertiliser input in Chinese sugarcane production has substantially increased the risk of reactive N (Nr) loss and crop productivity improvement for a long time. However, there is no comprehensive study of sustainable N management on different N loss pathways in a high N input cropping system of China. Here, a field experiment with 5 treatments (control (CK); conventional urea (OPT; 300 kg N ha −1 ); partial substitution of urea with coated urea (OPT-CU; 300 kg N ha −1 ); nitrification inhibitor (3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate, DMPP)-blended urea (OPT-NI; 300 kg N ha −1 ); and partial substitution of urea with organic N fertilizer (OPT-ON; 300 kg ha −1 )) was conducted in a commercial sugarcane farm for two cropping years to understand how different N management strategies attenuate Nr losses (emission of ammonia and nitrous oxide (N 2 O), and N leaching) of sugarcane crops. The results showed that OPT-CU has increased sugarcane yield by 2.5 %-9.5 % and decreased ammonia and N 2 O emission by about 33.9 % and 44.4 %, respectively, compared with OPT treatment. Coated urea application however increased N leaching loss by 29.5 % (174 kg ha −1 ) relative to OPT (136 kg ha −1 ). OPT-NI treatment decreased N 2 O emission by 53.0 % but increased ammonia volatilization as much as 52 %, compared with OPT treatment. Though the N leaching loss was similar to other treatments, cane yield of OPT-NI crops was 3.03–5.18 % lower than that OPT treatment. More significantly, in this study OPT-ON was found to reduce both ammonia and N 2 O emission by about 42.7 % and 32.5 %, respectively, but again N leaching loss (139 kg ha −1 ) and cane yield were comparable to OPT treatment. Taken together, our study concludes that partial substitution of synthetic N with organic N fertiliser could yield both economic and environmental benefits maximally, making sugarcane a more sustainable food and energy crop.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Coated urea increased sugarcane yield by 2.5 %-9.5 % versus OPT.
Verbatim
e0“OPT-CU has increased sugarcane yield by 2.5 %-9.5 % and decreased ammonia and N 2 O emission by about 33.9 % and 44.4 %, respectively, compared with OPT treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Coated urea decreased ammonia emission by about 33.9 % versus OPT.
Verbatim
e0“OPT-CU has increased sugarcane yield by 2.5 %-9.5 % and decreased ammonia and N 2 O emission by about 33.9 % and 44.4 %, respectively, compared with OPT treatment”
t0“sugarcane”
Claim · model-written summary
Coated urea decreased N 2 O emission by about 44.4 % versus OPT.
Verbatim
e0“OPT-CU has increased sugarcane yield by 2.5 %-9.5 % and decreased ammonia and N 2 O emission by about 33.9 % and 44.4 %, respectively, compared with OPT treatment”
t0“sugarcane”
Claim · model-written summary
Coated urea increased N leaching loss by 29.5 % compared with OPT.
Verbatim
e0“Coated urea application however increased N leaching loss by 29.5 % (174 kg ha −1 ) relative to OPT (136 kg ha −1 )”
t0“sugarcane”
Claim · model-written summary
OPT-NI reduced N 2 O emission by 53.0 % compared with OPT.
Verbatim
e0“OPT-NI treatment decreased N 2 O emission by 53.0 % but increased ammonia volatilization as much as 52 %, compared with OPT treatment”
t0“sugarcane”
Claim · model-written summary
OPT-NI increased ammonia volatilization by as much as 52 % compared with OPT.
Verbatim
e0“OPT-NI treatment decreased N 2 O emission by 53.0 % but increased ammonia volatilization as much as 52 %, compared with OPT treatment”
t0“sugarcane”
Claim · model-written summary
OPT-NI cane yield was 3.03–5.18 % lower than OPT.
Verbatim
e0“cane yield of OPT-NI crops was 3.03–5.18 % lower than that OPT treatment”
t0“sugarcane”
Claim · model-written summary
OPT-NI N leaching loss was similar to other treatments.
Verbatim
e0“Though the N leaching loss was similar to other treatments, cane yield of OPT-NI crops was 3.03–5.18 % lower than that OPT treatment”
t0“sugarcane”
Claim · model-written summary
OPT-ON reduced ammonia emission by about 42.7 %.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“OPT-ON was found to reduce both ammonia and N 2 O emission by about 42.7 % and 32.5 %, respectively”
t0“sugarcane”
Claim · model-written summary
OPT-ON reduced N 2 O emission by about 32.5 %.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“OPT-ON was found to reduce both ammonia and N 2 O emission by about 42.7 % and 32.5 %, respectively”
t0“sugarcane”
Claim · model-written summary
OPT-ON N leaching loss was comparable to OPT.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Outcome
- N leaching losse0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Value
- 139 kg ha −1e0
- Comparator
- OPT treatmente0
Not reportedTreatment
Verbatim
e0“N leaching loss (139 kg ha −1 ) and cane yield were comparable to OPT treatment”
t0“sugarcane”
Claim · model-written summary
OPT-ON cane yield was comparable to OPT.
Not reportedTreatment
Verbatim
e0“N leaching loss (139 kg ha −1 ) and cane yield were comparable to OPT treatment”
t0“sugarcane”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend partial substitution with organic N fertilizer for economic and environmental benefits.
Verbatim
e0“partial substitution of synthetic N with organic N fertiliser could yield both economic and environmental benefits maximally”
t0“sugarcane”
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nitrogen · environment: emissions · Saccharum officinarum (sugarcane)Positive and negative results
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