Abstract
Clerodendrum infortunatum L. is a traditional medicinal plant used to treat various illnesses since ancient times by traditional healers of the Terai region of Nepal. The present study performed qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis and investigation of the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of five different solvent extracts of root, stem, and leaf. In addition, silver nanoparticles were synthesized using root aqueous extract of the plant. The methanolic extract of root contained the highest TPC and TFC values of 26.18±3.83 mg GAE/g and 7.2±1.2 mg QE/g respectively. The methanolic extract of the leaf also showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity with an IC50 of 59.96 μg/mL. In the antibacterial assay, the aqueous extract of leaf and stem showed strong antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli with ZOI values of 19 mm and 18 mm respectively which was more than the ZOI value of the positive control neomycin (16 mm). The aqueous root extract was successfully used in the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The synthesized silver nanoparticle displayed an SPR peak at 407 nm. The average diameter of nanoparticles was calculated as 11.82 nm using the Debye-Scherer equation. They were characterized using different spectroscopic techniques. Synthesized nanoparticles showed comparatively more activity against gram-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae than gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. In conclusion, the plant is rich in phytochemicals with potent antibacterial activity. It can be effectively used in the green synthesis of nanoparticles.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Methanolic root extract had the highest total phenolic content, 26.18±3.83 mg GAE/g.
- Taxon
- Clerodendrum infortunatum L.
_on_Clerodendrum_viscosum_at_Samsing%2C_Duars%2C_West_Bengal_W_IMG_6271.jpg?width=60)
Clerodendrum infortunatumt0 - Organ / stage
- roote0
- Outcome
- TPCe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 26.18±3.83 mg GAE/ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_on_Clerodendrum_viscosum_at_Samsing%2C_Duars%2C_West_Bengal_W_IMG_6271.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The methanolic extract of root contained the highest TPC and TFC values of 26.18±3.83 mg GAE/g and 7.2±1.2 mg QE/g respectively.”
t0“Clerodendrum infortunatum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Methanolic root extract had the highest total flavonoid content, 7.2±1.2 mg QE/g.
- Taxon
- Clerodendrum infortunatum L.Clerodendrum infortunatumt0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Outcome
- TFCe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 7.2±1.2 mg QE/ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The methanolic extract of root contained the highest TPC and TFC values of 26.18±3.83 mg GAE/g and 7.2±1.2 mg QE/g respectively.”
t0“Clerodendrum infortunatum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Methanolic leaf extract showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity, with IC50 59.96 μg/mL.
- Taxon
- Clerodendrum infortunatum L.Clerodendrum infortunatumt0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Outcome
- DPPH radical scavenging activitye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 59.96 μg/mLe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The methanolic extract of the leaf also showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity with an IC50 of 59.96 μg/mL.”
t0“Clerodendrum infortunatum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous leaf extract inhibited Escherichia coli with a 19 mm zone versus 16 mm for neomycin.
- Taxon
- Escherichia coli
.jpg?width=60)
Escherichia colie0 - Treatment
- aqueous extract of leafe0
- Outcome
- ZOIe0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 19 mme0
- Qualifier
- 16 mme0
- Comparator
- neomycine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“the aqueous extract of leaf and stem showed strong antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli with ZOI values of 19 mm and 18 mm respectively which was more than the ZOI value of the positive control neomycin (16 mm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous stem extract inhibited Escherichia coli with an 18 mm zone versus 16 mm for neomycin.
- Taxon
- Escherichia coliEscherichia colie0
- Organ / stage
- steme0
- Treatment
- aqueous extracte0
- Outcome
- ZOIe0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 18 mme0
- Qualifier
- 16 mme0
- Comparator
- neomycine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the aqueous extract of leaf and stem showed strong antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli with ZOI values of 19 mm and 18 mm respectively which was more than the ZOI value of the positive control neomycin (16 mm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous root extract successfully supported green synthesis of silver nanoparticles.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The aqueous root extract was successfully used in the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles.”
Claim · model-written summary
Silver nanoparticles displayed an SPR peak at 407 nm.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“The synthesized silver nanoparticle displayed an SPR peak at 407 nm.”
Claim · model-written summary
Calculated average nanoparticle diameter was 11.82 nm.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“The average diameter of nanoparticles was calculated as 11.82 nm using the Debye-Scherer equation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoparticles were more active against Klebsiella pneumoniae than Staphylococcus aureus.
- Taxon
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
Klebsiella pneumoniaee0 - Treatment
- Synthesized nanoparticlese0
- Outcome
- activitye0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- Staphylococcus aureuse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Synthesized nanoparticles showed comparatively more activity against gram-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae than gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that the plant is rich in phytochemicals with potent antibacterial activity.
- Taxon
- Clerodendrum infortunatum L.Clerodendrum infortunatumt0
- Outcome
- rich in phytochemicalse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the plant is rich in phytochemicals with potent antibacterial activity”
t0“Clerodendrum infortunatum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend the plant for effective green nanoparticle synthesis.
- Taxon
- Clerodendrum infortunatum L.Clerodendrum infortunatumt0
- Outcome
- green synthesis of nanoparticlese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It can be effectively used in the green synthesis of nanoparticles.”
t0“Clerodendrum infortunatum L.”