Abstract
Abstract This study examined tissue culture responses and genetic variability among 25 two-row barley genotypes preserved in the Osman Tosun Gene Bank, including both Türkiye landraces and foreign-origin genotypes, with the objective of optimizing genetic resources for barley breeding programs. Key tissue culture parameters – callus induction rate, callus weight, regeneration capacity, and culture efficiency—were evaluated to access how diversity of genotypes influences tissue culture outcomes. Results revealed significant variation across all traits. Genotypes 77 and 1972 achieved the highest callus induction rates (100%), while genotype Zeynelağa exhibited the lowest (57.5%). Genotype 417 showed superior regeneration capacity (81.9%), and culture efficiency was highest in genotypes Standard Cultivar 138 (90.0%) and 1972 (70.0%). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) indicated that the first two principal components accounted for 87.84% of the variance in tissue culture responses, providing valuable insights into genotype relationships and trait performance. Hierarchical clustering analysis revealed four distinct groups, with Cluster 1 displaying the highest mean performance across traits. Collectively, these findings underscore the role of diversity of genotypes in enhancing tissue culture efficiency and plant regeneration. High-performing genotypes, including 77, 1972, 417, and standard cultivar 138, show considerable promise for biotechnological applications and future barley crop improvement initiatives.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Two-row barley genotypes varied significantly across all tissue culture traits.
Verbatim
t0“two-row barley”
e1“Results revealed significant variation across all traits”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotypes 77 and 1972 had the highest callus induction rates (100%).
Verbatim
t0“two-row barley”
e1“Genotypes 77 and 1972 achieved the highest callus induction rates (100%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotype Zeynelağa had the lowest callus induction rate (57.5%).
Verbatim
t0“two-row barley”
e1“genotype Zeynelağa exhibited the lowest (57.5%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotype 417 showed superior regeneration capacity (81.9%).
Verbatim
t0“two-row barley”
e1“Genotype 417 showed superior regeneration capacity (81.9%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Culture efficiency was highest in genotype Standard Cultivar 138 (90.0%).
Verbatim
t0“two-row barley”
e1“culture efficiency was highest in genotypes Standard Cultivar 138 (90.0%) and 1972 (70.0%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Culture efficiency of genotype 1972 was 70.0%, among the highest.
Verbatim
t0“two-row barley”
e1“culture efficiency was highest in genotypes Standard Cultivar 138 (90.0%) and 1972 (70.0%)”
Claim · model-written summary
The first two principal components accounted for 87.84% of the variance in tissue culture responses.
Verbatim
t0“two-row barley”
e1“the first two principal components accounted for 87.84% of the variance in tissue culture responses”
Claim · model-written summary
Hierarchical clustering revealed four distinct genotype groups.
Verbatim
t0“two-row barley”
e1“Hierarchical clustering analysis revealed four distinct groups”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster 1 displayed the highest mean performance across traits.
Verbatim
t0“two-row barley”
e1“Cluster 1 displaying the highest mean performance across traits”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that genotypes 77, 1972, 417 and standard cultivar 138 show promise for biotechnological applications and barley crop improvement.
Verbatim
t0“two-row barley”
e1“High-performing genotypes, including 77, 1972, 417, and standard cultivar 138, show considerable promise for biotechnological applications and future barley crop improvement initiatives”