Abstract
Salinization severely impairs crop growth by inducing oxidative stress and disrupting cellular homeostasis. This study systematically investigates the synergistic effects of salt-tolerant plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (ST-PGPR) and foliar silicon fertilizer spraying (FSFS) on antioxidant responses in Pak choi under salt stress. Two-season pot experiments were carried out to evaluate key indicators, including antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase: SOD; peroxidase: POD; catalase: CAT), oxidative stress (malondialdehyde: MDA), osmolyte accumulation (proline, soluble protein), and hormones (Jasmonic Acid: JA; Salicylic Acid: SA; Abscisic acid: ABA). The results demonstrate that combining ST-PGPR with FSFS significantly enhances SOD (6.18–2353.85%), POD (3.44–153.29%), and CAT (25.71–319.29%) activities while reducing MDA content (8.12–35.87%). Proline and soluble protein levels increased by 1.56–15.71% and 5.03–188.87%, respectively. Hormonal regulation increased JA, SA, and ABA levels by 1.05–31.81%, 2.09–34.29%, and 3.18–30.09%, respectively. Notably, ST-PGPR treatments at 104 and 106 cfu·mL−1, combined with foliar silicon application, consistently ranked highest in overall antioxidant performance across both seasons based on a principal component analysis. These findings provide novel insights into microbial–mineral interactions for sustainable saline agriculture.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Combining ST-PGPR with foliar silicon significantly enhanced SOD activity by 6.18-2353.85% in Pak choi under salt stress.
- Taxon
- Pak Choit0
- Treatment
- combining ST-PGPR with FSFSe0
- Interactor
- ST-PGPRe0symbiont
- Outcome
- SODe1
- Direction
- enhancese1
- Value
- 6.18–2353.85%e1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“combining ST-PGPR with FSFS”
e1“significantly enhances SOD (6.18–2353.85%)”
t0“Pak Choi”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination significantly enhanced POD activity by 3.44-153.29%.
- Taxon
- Pak Choit0
- Treatment
- combining ST-PGPR with FSFSe0
- Interactor
- ST-PGPRe0symbiont
- Outcome
- PODe1
- Direction
- enhancese1
- Value
- 3.44–153.29%e1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“combining ST-PGPR with FSFS”
e1“significantly enhances SOD (6.18–2353.85%), POD (3.44–153.29%)”
t0“Pak Choi”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination significantly enhanced CAT activity by 25.71-319.29%.
- Taxon
- Pak Choit0
- Treatment
- combining ST-PGPR with FSFSe0
- Interactor
- ST-PGPRe0symbiont
- Outcome
- CATe1
- Direction
- enhancese1
- Value
- 25.71–319.29%e1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“combining ST-PGPR with FSFS”
e1“significantly enhances SOD (6.18–2353.85%), POD (3.44–153.29%), and CAT (25.71–319.29%)”
t0“Pak Choi”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination reduced MDA content by 8.12-35.87%.
- Taxon
- Pak Choit0
- Treatment
- combining ST-PGPR with FSFSe0
- Interactor
- ST-PGPRe0symbiont
- Outcome
- MDA contente1
- Direction
- reducinge1
- Value
- 8.12–35.87%e1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“combining ST-PGPR with FSFS”
e1“while reducing MDA content (8.12–35.87%)”
t0“Pak Choi”
Claim · model-written summary
Proline levels increased by 1.56-15.71%.
- Taxon
- Pak Choit0
- Treatment
- combining ST-PGPR with FSFSe0
- Interactor
- ST-PGPRe0symbiont
- Outcome
- Prolinee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 1.56–15.71%e1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“combining ST-PGPR with FSFS”
e1“Proline and soluble protein levels increased by 1.56–15.71% and 5.03–188.87%, respectively”
t0“Pak Choi”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble protein levels increased by 5.03-188.87%.
- Taxon
- Pak Choit0
- Treatment
- combining ST-PGPR with FSFSe0
- Interactor
- ST-PGPRe0symbiont
- Outcome
- soluble proteine1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 5.03–188.87%e1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“combining ST-PGPR with FSFS”
e1“Proline and soluble protein levels increased by 1.56–15.71% and 5.03–188.87%, respectively”
t0“Pak Choi”
Claim · model-written summary
JA levels increased by 1.05-31.81%.
- Taxon
- Pak Choit0
- Treatment
- combining ST-PGPR with FSFSe0
- Interactor
- ST-PGPRe0symbiont
- Outcome
- JAe1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 1.05–31.81%e1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“combining ST-PGPR with FSFS”
e1“Hormonal regulation increased JA, SA, and ABA levels by 1.05–31.81%, 2.09–34.29%, and 3.18–30.09%, respectively”
t0“Pak Choi”
Claim · model-written summary
SA levels increased by 2.09-34.29%.
- Taxon
- Pak Choit0
- Treatment
- combining ST-PGPR with FSFSe0
- Interactor
- ST-PGPRe0symbiont
- Outcome
- SAe1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 2.09–34.29%e1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“combining ST-PGPR with FSFS”
e1“Hormonal regulation increased JA, SA, and ABA levels by 1.05–31.81%, 2.09–34.29%, and 3.18–30.09%, respectively”
t0“Pak Choi”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA levels increased by 3.18-30.09%.
- Taxon
- Pak Choit0
- Treatment
- combining ST-PGPR with FSFSe0
- Interactor
- ST-PGPRe0symbiont
- Outcome
- ABAe1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 3.18–30.09%e1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“combining ST-PGPR with FSFS”
e1“Hormonal regulation increased JA, SA, and ABA levels by 1.05–31.81%, 2.09–34.29%, and 3.18–30.09%, respectively”
t0“Pak Choi”
Claim · model-written summary
ST-PGPR at 104 and 106 cfu/mL combined with foliar silicon consistently ranked highest in overall antioxidant performance across both seasons in a principal component analysis.
- Taxon
- Pak Choit0
- Treatment
- ST-PGPR treatments at 104 and 106 cfu·mL−1, combined with foliar silicon applicatione0
- Interactor
- ST-PGPRe0symbiont
- Outcome
- overall antioxidant performancee0
- Direction
- ranked higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“ST-PGPR treatments at 104 and 106 cfu·mL−1, combined with foliar silicon application, consistently ranked highest in overall antioxidant performance across both seasons based on a principal component analysis”
t0“Pak Choi”
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See all 31 papers →8 of 16 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.