Abstract
Abstract This study uniquely explores the synergistic effects of a combined fulvic acid and potassium application on sweet potato under water stress, shedding new light beyond individual applications. Two field experiments were conducted during the summer seasons of 2023 and 2024, using the sweet potato cultivar Aibs. Six treatments were applied in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. These included the following: (1) 14-day irrigation interval with 120 kg ha −1 K, (2) 21-day irrigation interval with 120 kg ha −1 K, (3) 21-day irrigation interval with 120 kg ha −1 K and 12.4 kg ha −1 of fulvic acid, (4) 21-day irrigation interval with 120 kg ha −1 K and 24.7 kg ha −1 of fulvic acid, (5) 21-day irrigation interval with 90 kg ha −1 K and 12.4 kg ha −1 of fulvic acid, and (6) 21-day irrigation interval with 90 kg ha −1 K and 24.7 kg ha −1 of fulvic acid. The findings reveal that water deficit conditions significantly reduce growth parameters, yield (19.6 and 19%), leaf chlorophyll (12.6 and 13.9%), and total applied irrigation water per hectare (24.3 and 21%). However, they increase the contents of leaf proline (65.5 and 63.2%), tuber root dry matter (46.2 and 48.5%), and total soluble solids (22.8 and 24.4%), as well as water use efficiency (6 and 2.5%), in both seasons, respectively. The fulvic acid application significantly mitigated these effects, particularly at a higher rate alongside adequate potassium (120 kg ha −1 K). This mitigation is likely attributable to improved nutrient water uptake and osmotic adjustment. These findings highlight the potential of fulvic acid combined with an adequate potassium level for improving crop performance under drought conditions.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit lowered sweet potato yield by 19.6 and 19% in successive seasons.
- Taxon
- sweet potato
_Flower.jpg?width=60)
Ipomoea batatase0e1e2e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Flower.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“water deficit conditions significantly reduce growth parameters, yield (19.6 and 19%), leaf chlorophyll (12.6 and 13.9%), and total applied irrigation water per hectare (24.3 and 21%)”
e1“sweet potato cultivar Aibs”
e2“14-day irrigation interval”
e3“water deficit conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit lowered leaf chlorophyll by 12.6 and 13.9%.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatase0e1e2e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“water deficit conditions significantly reduce growth parameters, yield (19.6 and 19%), leaf chlorophyll (12.6 and 13.9%), and total applied irrigation water per hectare (24.3 and 21%)”
e1“sweet potato cultivar Aibs”
e2“14-day irrigation interval”
e3“water deficit conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit lowered irrigation water applied by 24.3 and 21%.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatase0e1e2e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“water deficit conditions significantly reduce growth parameters, yield (19.6 and 19%), leaf chlorophyll (12.6 and 13.9%), and total applied irrigation water per hectare (24.3 and 21%)”
e1“sweet potato cultivar Aibs”
e2“14-day irrigation interval”
e3“water deficit conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit lowered sweet potato growth parameters.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatase0e1e2e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“water deficit conditions significantly reduce growth parameters, yield (19.6 and 19%), leaf chlorophyll (12.6 and 13.9%), and total applied irrigation water per hectare (24.3 and 21%)”
e1“sweet potato cultivar Aibs”
e2“14-day irrigation interval”
e3“water deficit conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit raised leaf proline by 65.5 and 63.2%.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatase0e1e2e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“they increase the contents of leaf proline (65.5 and 63.2%), tuber root dry matter (46.2 and 48.5%), and total soluble solids (22.8 and 24.4%), as well as water use efficiency (6 and 2.5%)”
e1“sweet potato cultivar Aibs”
e2“14-day irrigation interval”
e3“water deficit conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit raised tuber dry matter by 46.2 and 48.5%.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatase0e1e2e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“they increase the contents of leaf proline (65.5 and 63.2%), tuber root dry matter (46.2 and 48.5%), and total soluble solids (22.8 and 24.4%), as well as water use efficiency (6 and 2.5%)”
e1“sweet potato cultivar Aibs”
e2“14-day irrigation interval”
e3“water deficit conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit raised soluble solids by 22.8 and 24.4%.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatase0e1e2e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“they increase the contents of leaf proline (65.5 and 63.2%), tuber root dry matter (46.2 and 48.5%), and total soluble solids (22.8 and 24.4%), as well as water use efficiency (6 and 2.5%)”
e1“sweet potato cultivar Aibs”
e2“14-day irrigation interval”
e3“water deficit conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit raised water-use efficiency by 6 and 2.5%.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatase0e1e2e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“they increase the contents of leaf proline (65.5 and 63.2%), tuber root dry matter (46.2 and 48.5%), and total soluble solids (22.8 and 24.4%), as well as water use efficiency (6 and 2.5%)”
e1“sweet potato cultivar Aibs”
e2“14-day irrigation interval”
e3“water deficit conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Fulvic acid, especially with 120 kg per hectare potassium, mitigated water-deficit effects.
- Taxon
- sweet potatoIpomoea batatase0e1e2e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fulvic acid application significantly mitigated these effects, particularly at a higher rate alongside adequate potassium (120 kg ha −1 K)”
e1“sweet potato cultivar Aibs”
e2“14-day irrigation interval”
e3“water deficit conditions”
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