Abstract
Metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted great attention for their potential to control pathogens. This study assessed the effects of silver oxide (Ag 2 O) NPs, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) NPs, and their bulk counterparts on soybean development and the control of Meloidogyne javanica . Additionally, the effect of different doses of TiO 2 NPs and bulk TiO 2 was determined. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted, each comprising two trials (repetitions). In Experiment 1, seed treatment with Ag 2 O NPs had no effect on nematodes. By contrast, TiO 2 NPs provided a mean reduction in nematode population density (number of nematodes per gram of root) of 52.97% in both trials, whereas their bulk counterpart achieved a 36.33% reduction. Soybean development was not influenced by treatment. In Experiment 2, five doses of bulk TiO 2 and TiO 2 NPs were tested (0, 125, 250, 500, and 1000 mg L −1 ). No effect was observed for particle size, but dose effects were significant. In Trial 1, seed treatment led to a linear reduction in nematode number. In Trial 2, a maximum reduction of 69.90% was estimated to be achieved with 581.21 mg L −1 TiO 2 . Treatment positively influenced shoot height and dry weight in at least one of the trials, with the maximum values estimated to be achieved with doses of 545 and 533.33 mg L −1 , respectively. It is concluded that Ag 2 O NPs have no effect on M. javanica in soybean, whereas adequate doses of TiO 2 NPs contribute to parasite control and soybean growth.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Silver oxide nanoparticle seed treatment had no effect on nematodes in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- seed treatment with Ag 2 O NPse1
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pest
- Outcome
- nematodese1
- Direction
- no effecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This study assessed the effects of silver oxide (Ag 2 O) NPs, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) NPs, and their bulk counterparts on soybean development and the control of Meloidogyne javanica”
e1“seed treatment with Ag 2 O NPs had no effect on nematodes”
Claim · model-written summary
TiO2 nanoparticle seed treatment reduced nematode population density in soybean by 52.97% in both trials.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- TiO 2 NPse2
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pest
- Outcome
- nematode population densitye2
- Direction
- reductione2
- Value
- 52.97%e2
- Qualifier
- in both trialse2
- Comparator
- bulk counterparte2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This study assessed the effects of silver oxide (Ag 2 O) NPs, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) NPs, and their bulk counterparts on soybean development and the control of Meloidogyne javanica”
e2“TiO 2 NPs provided a mean reduction in nematode population density (number of nematodes per gram of root) of 52.97% in both trials, whereas their bulk counterpart achieved a 36.33% reduction”
Claim · model-written summary
A 581.21 mg L−1 TiO2 dose gave a maximum estimated reduction of 69.90% in nematodes in soybean in Trial 2.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 581.21 mg L −1 TiO 2e3
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pest
- Outcome
- maximum reductione3
- Direction
- reductione3
- Value
- 69.90%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This study assessed the effects of silver oxide (Ag 2 O) NPs, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) NPs, and their bulk counterparts on soybean development and the control of Meloidogyne javanica”
e3“In Trial 2, a maximum reduction of 69.90% was estimated to be achieved with 581.21 mg L −1 TiO 2”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment led to a linear reduction in nematode number in soybean in Trial 1.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- seed treatmente4
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pest
- Outcome
- nematode numbere4
- Direction
- linear reductione4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This study assessed the effects of silver oxide (Ag 2 O) NPs, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) NPs, and their bulk counterparts on soybean development and the control of Meloidogyne javanica”
e4“In Trial 1, seed treatment led to a linear reduction in nematode number”
Claim · model-written summary
TiO2 treatment positively influenced shoot height in soybean, with the maximum estimated at a dose of 545 mg L−1.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 545e5
- Outcome
- shoot heighte5
- Direction
- positively influencede5
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This study assessed the effects of silver oxide (Ag 2 O) NPs, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) NPs, and their bulk counterparts on soybean development and the control of Meloidogyne javanica”
e5“Treatment positively influenced shoot height and dry weight in at least one of the trials, with the maximum values estimated to be achieved with doses of 545 and 533.33 mg L −1”
Claim · model-written summary
TiO2 treatment positively influenced dry weight in soybean, with the maximum estimated at a dose of 533.33 mg L−1.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 533.33e5
- Outcome
- dry weighte5
- Direction
- positively influencede5
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This study assessed the effects of silver oxide (Ag 2 O) NPs, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) NPs, and their bulk counterparts on soybean development and the control of Meloidogyne javanica”
e5“Treatment positively influenced shoot height and dry weight in at least one of the trials, with the maximum values estimated to be achieved with doses of 545 and 533.33 mg L −1”
Claim · model-written summary
Particle size had no effect in the soybean nanoparticle experiments.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- particle sizee6
- Outcome
- effecte6
- Direction
- No effecte6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This study assessed the effects of silver oxide (Ag 2 O) NPs, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) NPs, and their bulk counterparts on soybean development and the control of Meloidogyne javanica”
e6“No effect was observed for particle size, but dose effects were significant”
Claim · model-written summary
Dose effects of TiO2 on nematodes in soybean were significant.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- dosese7
- Outcome
- dose effectse6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This study assessed the effects of silver oxide (Ag 2 O) NPs, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) NPs, and their bulk counterparts on soybean development and the control of Meloidogyne javanica”
e6“No effect was observed for particle size, but dose effects were significant”
e7“five doses of bulk TiO 2 and TiO 2 NPs were tested”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean development was not influenced by the seed treatment.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- treatmente7
- Outcome
- Soybean developmente7
- Direction
- not influencede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This study assessed the effects of silver oxide (Ag 2 O) NPs, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) NPs, and their bulk counterparts on soybean development and the control of Meloidogyne javanica”
e7“Soybean development was not influenced by treatment”
The same questions in other papers
seed treatment · Meloidogyne javanica · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.