Abstract
Background Seed priming is an affordable and effective method to enhance crop drought tolerance by improving seed germination and seedling vigor. However, whether seed priming alters cuticle formation, which could contribute to drought resistance in seedlings, remains unclear. Materials and Methods In this study, sweet sorghum seeds belonging to three varieties were primed with salicylic acid (SA) and the seedlings were exposed to drought stress. The seeds were primed with SA with concentrations of 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 mg L −1 . For drought treatment (35% field capacity, 80% of field capacity as the normal condition), both SA-primed and non-primed seeds were planted in a soil mixture. Results Under drought conditions, SA priming at 150 mg L −1 significantly increased total wax content (12.3%–33.3%), primary alcohol content (42.0%–57.0%), proline content (70.9%–119%), leaf water content (9.8%–36.6%), water use efficiency (28.4%–120%), and biomass (25%–30%). Additionally, leaf water loss rate and chlorophyll leaching rate were significantly reduced. Correlation analysis revealed strong positive associations ( r = 0.79–0.86, P < 0.001) between total wax content and water status as well as proline content. Furthermore, under both well-watered and drought conditions, SA priming at 150 mg L −1 significantly increased leaf wax content and biomass in all sorghum varieties. Conclusion Seed priming with salicylic acid at 150 mg L −1 not only promotes normal growth under well-watered conditions, but also enhances sorghum’s adaptability to drought stress, ultimately contributing to drought tolerance without penalizing growth.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
SA priming increased total wax content by 12.3%–33.3% under drought.
- Taxon
- sweet sorghumt0
- Treatment
- SA priming at 150 mg L −1e0
- Outcome
- total wax contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 12.3%–33.3%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“sweet sorghum”
e0“Under drought conditions, SA priming at 150 mg L −1 significantly increased total wax content (12.3%–33.3%), primary alcohol content (42.0%–57.0%), proline content (70.9%–119%), leaf water content (9.8%–36.6%), water use efficiency (28.4%–120%), and biomass (25%–30%).”
Claim · model-written summary
SA priming increased primary alcohol content by 42.0%–57.0% under drought.
- Taxon
- sweet sorghumt0
- Treatment
- SA priming at 150 mg L −1e0
- Outcome
- primary alcohol contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 42.0%–57.0%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“sweet sorghum”
e0“Under drought conditions, SA priming at 150 mg L −1 significantly increased total wax content (12.3%–33.3%), primary alcohol content (42.0%–57.0%), proline content (70.9%–119%), leaf water content (9.8%–36.6%), water use efficiency (28.4%–120%), and biomass (25%–30%).”
Claim · model-written summary
SA priming increased proline content by 70.9%–119% under drought.
- Taxon
- sweet sorghumt0
- Treatment
- SA priming at 150 mg L −1e0
- Outcome
- proline contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 70.9%–119%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“sweet sorghum”
e0“Under drought conditions, SA priming at 150 mg L −1 significantly increased total wax content (12.3%–33.3%), primary alcohol content (42.0%–57.0%), proline content (70.9%–119%), leaf water content (9.8%–36.6%), water use efficiency (28.4%–120%), and biomass (25%–30%).”
Claim · model-written summary
SA priming increased leaf water content by 9.8%–36.6% under drought.
- Taxon
- sweet sorghumt0
- Treatment
- SA priming at 150 mg L −1e0
- Outcome
- leaf water contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 9.8%–36.6%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“sweet sorghum”
e0“Under drought conditions, SA priming at 150 mg L −1 significantly increased total wax content (12.3%–33.3%), primary alcohol content (42.0%–57.0%), proline content (70.9%–119%), leaf water content (9.8%–36.6%), water use efficiency (28.4%–120%), and biomass (25%–30%).”
Claim · model-written summary
SA priming increased water use efficiency by 28.4%–120% under drought.
- Taxon
- sweet sorghumt0
- Treatment
- SA priming at 150 mg L −1e0
- Outcome
- water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 28.4%–120%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“sweet sorghum”
e0“Under drought conditions, SA priming at 150 mg L −1 significantly increased total wax content (12.3%–33.3%), primary alcohol content (42.0%–57.0%), proline content (70.9%–119%), leaf water content (9.8%–36.6%), water use efficiency (28.4%–120%), and biomass (25%–30%).”
Claim · model-written summary
SA priming increased biomass by 25%–30% under drought.
- Taxon
- sweet sorghumt0
- Treatment
- SA priming at 150 mg L −1e0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 25%–30%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“sweet sorghum”
e0“Under drought conditions, SA priming at 150 mg L −1 significantly increased total wax content (12.3%–33.3%), primary alcohol content (42.0%–57.0%), proline content (70.9%–119%), leaf water content (9.8%–36.6%), water use efficiency (28.4%–120%), and biomass (25%–30%).”
Claim · model-written summary
SA priming reduced leaf water loss and chlorophyll leaching rates.
- Taxon
- sweet sorghumt0
- Treatment
- SA priming at 150 mg L −1e1
- Outcome
- leaf water loss rate and chlorophyll leaching ratee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“sweet sorghum”
e0“Additionally, leaf water loss rate and chlorophyll leaching rate were significantly reduced.”
e1“Under drought conditions, SA priming at 150 mg L −1 significantly increased total wax content”
Claim · model-written summary
Total wax content correlated positively with water status.
Verbatim
t0“sweet sorghum”
e0“strong positive associations ( r = 0.79–0.86, P < 0.001) between total wax content and water status as well as proline content”
Claim · model-written summary
Total wax content correlated positively with proline content.
Verbatim
t0“sweet sorghum”
e0“strong positive associations ( r = 0.79–0.86, P < 0.001) between total wax content and water status as well as proline content”
Claim · model-written summary
SA priming increased leaf wax content across varieties in watered and drought conditions.
- Taxon
- sweet sorghumt0
- Treatment
- SA priming at 150 mg L −1e0
- Outcome
- leaf wax contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- under both well-watered and drought conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“sweet sorghum”
e0“under both well-watered and drought conditions, SA priming at 150 mg L −1 significantly increased leaf wax content and biomass in all sorghum varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
SA priming increased biomass across varieties in watered and drought conditions.
- Taxon
- sweet sorghumt0
- Treatment
- SA priming at 150 mg L −1e0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- under both well-watered and drought conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“sweet sorghum”
e0“under both well-watered and drought conditions, SA priming at 150 mg L −1 significantly increased leaf wax content and biomass in all sorghum varieties”
The same questions in other papers
salicylic acid · molecular: metabolites · SorghumResults agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
salicylic acid · physiology: osmolytes · SorghumResults agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
salicylic acid · physiology: water · SorghumResults agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
salicylic acid · growth · SorghumResults agree
11 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →seed treatment · growth · SorghumPositive and negative results
43 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
46 papers more in this group
See all 50 papers →seed treatment · physiology: osmolytes · SorghumResults agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →seed treatment · molecular: metabolites · SorghumResults agree
7 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →seed treatment · physiology: water · SorghumResults agree
7 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.