Abstract
The pathogenic soilborne and postharvest fungus Berkeleyomyces basicola, a newly reported pathogen in Serbia, caused significant disease symptoms on carrot roots and seedlings in inoculation assays. In October 2023, machine-washed and cold-stored carrot roots showed symptoms of black rot of patches and abundant sporulation. The influence of the postharvest treatment of machine washing was confirmed by additional sampling at the production site. The collected roots were machine or manually washed and stored under similar conditions as during shelf life (cold storage followed by incubation at room temperature). The machine-washed roots had a much higher disease incidence than the manually washed roots (75 and 15%, respectively). From all samples, only uniform Berkeleyomyces-like, dark gray colonies were obtained. Morphology and multilocus phylogeny (based on ITS, LSU, and MCM7) confirmed the presence of B. basicola. Koch’s postulates were confirmed after artificial inoculations of carrot roots using spraying or injecting spore suspension or inserting colony fragments, and symptoms developed on both wounded and nonwounded roots 7 days after inoculation. Pathogenicity tests on wounded and nonwounded carrot seedlings by spraying or watering with spore suspension or placing colony fragments next to the root neck showed that B. basicola can infect and sporulate only wounded carrot seedlings. The ability of B. basicola to infect carrot seedlings had not been tested previously, and our results suggest that carrot could be infected earlier than postharvest, as previously believed. In 2024, a follow-up survey of fresh market, symptomatic carrot roots confirmed the continuous presence of B. basicola in Serbia.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Berkeleyomyces basicola, newly reported in Serbia, caused significant disease symptoms on carrot roots and seedlings in inoculation assays.
- Taxon
- carrot
Daucus carotae0 - Interactor
- Berkeleyomyces basicola
Berkeleyomyces basicolae0pathogen - Outcome
- significant disease symptomse0
- Setting
- Serbiae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Berkeleyomyces basicola, a newly reported pathogen in Serbia, caused significant disease symptoms on carrot roots and seedlings in inoculation assays”
Claim · model-written summary
Machine-washed carrot roots had a much higher disease incidence than manually washed roots (75% versus 15%).
Verbatim
e0“The machine-washed roots had a much higher disease incidence than the manually washed roots (75 and 15%, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Morphology and multilocus phylogeny confirmed the presence of B. basicola in the carrot samples.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotat0
- Interactor
- B. basicolaBerkeleyomyces basicolae0pathogen
- Outcome
- presence of B. basicolae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Morphology and multilocus phylogeny (based on ITS, LSU, and MCM7) confirmed the presence of B. basicola”
t0“Carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
Koch’s postulates were confirmed after artificial inoculation of carrot roots by spraying or injecting spore suspension or inserting colony fragments.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae0
- Treatment
- spraying or injecting spore suspension or inserting colony fragmentse0
- Outcome
- Koch’s postulates were confirmede0
Not reportedInteractorInteractor role
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Koch’s postulates were confirmed after artificial inoculations of carrot roots using spraying or injecting spore suspension or inserting colony fragments”
Claim · model-written summary
Symptoms developed on both wounded and nonwounded carrot roots 7 days after inoculation.
Verbatim
e0“symptoms developed on both wounded and nonwounded roots 7 days after inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
B. basicola infected and sporulated only on wounded carrot seedlings.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae0
- Interactor
- B. basicolaBerkeleyomyces basicolae0pathogen
- Outcome
- infect and sporulate only wounded carrot seedlingse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B. basicola can infect and sporulate only wounded carrot seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest carrot could be infected earlier than postharvest.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae0
- Outcome
- infected earlier than postharveste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“our results suggest that carrot could be infected earlier than postharvest”
Claim · model-written summary
A 2024 follow-up survey of fresh market symptomatic carrot roots confirmed the continuous presence of B. basicola in Serbia.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae0
- Interactor
- B. basicolaBerkeleyomyces basicolae0pathogen
- Outcome
- continuous presence of B. basicolae0
- Setting
- Serbiae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a follow-up survey of fresh market, symptomatic carrot roots confirmed the continuous presence of B. basicola in Serbia”