Abstract
Paddy cultivation in the black soil region of northeast China is faced with the problems of low irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) and low temperature stress during sowing. Therefore, the combinations of film mulching and water-saving irrigation methods were adopted to adjust the balance between water and yield under the condition of suitable soil water and heat environment, and to quantify the relationship between irrigation water and yield formation. This study investigated the mechanisms of two kinds of biodegradable film mulching combined with two water-saving irrigation on soil hydrothermal conditions in cold-region paddy fields. The results show that film mulching improved the water retention capacity of the soil at different depths, with black film exhibiting better moisture conservation than white film. Overall, controlled irrigation resulted in higher soil moisture than ridge irrigation before the heading–flowering stage, but lower values in heading–flower stage and the later stage. Film mulching also increased soil temperature across different layers, with black film showing a more warming effect in the 0–5 cm soil layer. All combinations of biodegradable film mulching and water-saving irrigation enhanced the IWUE, with the ridge irrigation combined with black film mulching showing the most significant improvement. This research provides technical references for water-efficient rice cultivation in cold regions.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Film mulching improved soil water retention at different depths.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Treatment
- film mulchinge0
- Outcome
- water retention capacity of the soile0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- at different depthse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“film mulching improved the water retention capacity of the soil at different depths”
e1“rice cultivation in cold regions”
Claim · model-written summary
Black film conserved more soil moisture than white film.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- black filme0
- Outcome
- moisture conservatione0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- white filme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“black film exhibiting better moisture conservation than white film.”
e1“rice cultivation in cold regions”
Claim · model-written summary
Controlled irrigation gave higher soil moisture than ridge irrigation before heading and flowering.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- controlled irrigatione0
- Outcome
- soil moisturee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- before the heading–flowering stagee0
- Comparator
- ridge irrigatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“controlled irrigation resulted in higher soil moisture than ridge irrigation before the heading–flowering stage”
e1“rice cultivation in cold regions”
Claim · model-written summary
Controlled irrigation gave lower soil moisture than ridge irrigation from heading and flowering onward.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- controlled irrigatione2
- Outcome
- soil moisturee2
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- heading–flower stage and the later stagee0
- Comparator
- ridge irrigatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lower values in heading–flower stage and the later stage.”
e1“rice cultivation in cold regions”
e2“controlled irrigation resulted in higher soil moisture than ridge irrigation before the heading–flowering stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Film mulching raised soil temperatures across layers.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- Film mulchinge0
- Outcome
- soil temperaturee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Film mulching also increased soil temperature across different layers”
e1“rice cultivation in cold regions”
Claim · model-written summary
Black film warmed the 0–5 cm layer more than white film.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- black filme0
- Outcome
- warming effecte0
- Direction
- moree0
- Qualifier
- 0–5 cm soil layere0
- Comparator
- white filme2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“black film showing a more warming effect in the 0–5 cm soil layer.”
e1“rice cultivation in cold regions”
e2“black film exhibiting better moisture conservation than white film.”
Claim · model-written summary
Every film and water-saving irrigation combination increased irrigation water use efficiency.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- biodegradable film mulching and water-saving irrigatione0
- Outcome
- IWUEe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All combinations of biodegradable film mulching and water-saving irrigation enhanced the IWUE”
e1“rice cultivation in cold regions”
Claim · model-written summary
Ridge irrigation with black film gave the largest improvement in irrigation water use efficiency.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- ridge irrigation combined with black film mulchinge0
- Outcome
- improvemente0
- Direction
- most significant improvemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ridge irrigation combined with black film mulching showing the most significant improvement.”
e1“rice cultivation in cold regions”
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See all 16 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.