Abstract
In sustainable agriculture, allelopathy emerges as a promising strategy for eco-friendly weed management. This study provides a preliminary in vitro assessment of the allelopathic effects of aqueous flower and leaf extracts of Photinia × fraseri on the seed germination of selected crop (wheat, corn, lentil, lettuce) and weed (radish, purslane) species. The chemical composition of the extracts was analyzed using GC-MS, and germination assays were conducted at five concentrations: 1%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, corresponding to 0.5, 12.5, 25, 37.5, and 50 mg ml−1, respectively. The results showed a concentration-dependent inhibition of germination in all tested species, with flower extracts exhibiting higher allelopathic effects than leaf extracts. Lettuce and radish seeds were the most sensitive, while corn and wheat were the least affected. Given that wild radish is a common agricultural weed, flower extract concentrations of 50% and above may represent potential candidates for bioherbicide development. These findings are an initial step toward understanding the allelopathic potential of P. × fraseri, and further in vivo pot and/or field studies are recommended to validate its practical applicability.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous Photinia × fraseri extracts inhibited seed germination in a concentration-dependent manner.
- Taxon
- Photinia × fraseri
Photinia ×fraserit0 - Treatment
- aqueous flower and leaf extractse5
- Outcome
- inhibition of germinatione1
- Direction
- inhibitione1
- Qualifier
- concentration-dependente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Photinia × fraseri”
e1“The results showed a concentration-dependent inhibition of germination in all tested species, with flower extracts exhibiting higher allelopathic effects than leaf extracts”
e5“aqueous flower and leaf extracts of Photinia × fraseri on the seed germination of selected crop (wheat, corn, lentil, lettuce) and weed (radish, purslane) species”
Claim · model-written summary
Flower extracts of Photinia × fraseri had higher allelopathic effects than leaf extracts.
- Taxon
- Photinia × fraseriPhotinia ×fraserit0
- Treatment
- flower extractse1
- Outcome
- allelopathic effectse1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- leaf extractse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Photinia × fraseri”
e1“The results showed a concentration-dependent inhibition of germination in all tested species, with flower extracts exhibiting higher allelopathic effects than leaf extracts”
Claim · model-written summary
Lettuce seeds were the most sensitive to Photinia × fraseri extracts.
- Taxon
- Photinia × fraseriPhotinia ×fraserit0
- Interactor
- Lettuce
Lactuca sativae2other - Outcome
- most sensitivee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Photinia × fraseri”
e2“Lettuce and radish seeds were the most sensitive”
Claim · model-written summary
Radish seeds were the most sensitive to Photinia × fraseri extracts.
- Taxon
- Photinia × fraseriPhotinia ×fraserit0
- Interactor
- radish
Raphanus sativuse2weed - Outcome
- most sensitivee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Photinia × fraseri”
e2“Lettuce and radish seeds were the most sensitive”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn seeds were among the least affected by Photinia × fraseri extracts.
- Taxon
- Photinia × fraseriPhotinia ×fraserit0
- Interactor
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse3other - Outcome
- least affectede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Photinia × fraseri”
e3“while corn and wheat were the least affected”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat seeds were among the least affected by Photinia × fraseri extracts.
- Taxon
- Photinia × fraseriPhotinia ×fraserit0
- Interactor
- wheat
Triticum aestivume3other - Outcome
- least affectede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Photinia × fraseri”
e3“while corn and wheat were the least affected”
Claim · model-written summary
Flower extract concentrations of 50% and above may be potential candidates for bioherbicide development against wild radish.
- Taxon
- Photinia × fraseriPhotinia ×fraserit0
- Treatment
- flower extract concentrations of 50% and abovee4
- Interactor
- wild radish
_Raphanus_raphanistrum_-_flowers.jpg?width=60)
Raphanus raphanistrume4weed - Outcome
- potential candidates for bioherbicide developmente4
- Value
- 50%e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Raphanus_raphanistrum_-_flowers.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Photinia × fraseri”
e4“Given that wild radish is a common agricultural weed, flower extract concentrations of 50% and above may represent potential candidates for bioherbicide development”