Abstract
A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of three concentrations of folic acid (5,10&20 mM); through two applications, soaking or spraying on the growth and biological activities of spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius) during vegetative stage. The obtained results cleared that, Soil texture changed from clay silty in the untreated plants into clay loam by soaking the seeds of the used plants in folic acid the water holding capacity and porosity decreased by folic acid treatments. Although pH, Cl, Na and Ca decreased by folic treatments, EC, organic matter, CaCO3, HCO3, SO4, K and Mg increased, as compared to the untreated soil. Fresh and dry weight of the test plants either decrease or increase but, water percentage, generally decreased by folic applications. At most, pigments, total carbohydrates, nitrogen, protein and phenol increased while alkaloids decreased, in response to folic treatments. Treatment with folic acids decreased PPO and increased CAT and POX activity in Spinancia oleracea but in Lactuca sativa, no change detected in PPO activity but the of CAT and POX decreased. In Chorchorus olitorius, treatment with folic, more or less have no change; or slightly increase the activity of PPO, CAT and POX compared to the control value. An increase in K, Ca & Mg and decrease in Na content in the three used plants was observed in response to folic applications. Foliar application of folic acid (spraying) was most effective than pretreatments (soaking) also, the most response by folic addition was in case of Chorchorus olitorius.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Folic acid changed fresh and dry weight of spinach, lettuce and corchorus, either increasing or decreasing them
- Taxon
- spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius)e0
- Treatment
- folic acide0
- Outcome
- Fresh and dry weighte1
- Direction
- either decrease or increasee1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of three concentrations of folic acid (5,10&20 mM); through two applications, soaking or spraying on the growth and biological activities of spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius) during vegetative stage”
e1“Fresh and dry weight of the test plants either decrease or increase but, water percentage, generally decreased by folic applications. At most, pigments, total carbohydrates, nitrogen, protein and phenol increased while alkaloids decreased, in response to folic treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Folic applications generally decreased water percentage of the test plants
- Taxon
- spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius)e0
- Treatment
- folic applicationse1
- Outcome
- water percentagee1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of three concentrations of folic acid (5,10&20 mM); through two applications, soaking or spraying on the growth and biological activities of spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius) during vegetative stage”
e1“Fresh and dry weight of the test plants either decrease or increase but, water percentage, generally decreased by folic applications. At most, pigments, total carbohydrates, nitrogen, protein and phenol increased while alkaloids decreased, in response to folic treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Folic treatments increased pigments, total carbohydrates and nitrogen
- Taxon
- spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius)e0
- Treatment
- folic treatmentse1
- Outcome
- pigments, total carbohydrates, nitrogene1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of three concentrations of folic acid (5,10&20 mM); through two applications, soaking or spraying on the growth and biological activities of spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius) during vegetative stage”
e1“Fresh and dry weight of the test plants either decrease or increase but, water percentage, generally decreased by folic applications. At most, pigments, total carbohydrates, nitrogen, protein and phenol increased while alkaloids decreased, in response to folic treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Folic treatments increased protein and phenol
- Taxon
- spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius)e0
- Treatment
- folic treatmentse1
- Outcome
- protein and phenole1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of three concentrations of folic acid (5,10&20 mM); through two applications, soaking or spraying on the growth and biological activities of spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius) during vegetative stage”
e1“Fresh and dry weight of the test plants either decrease or increase but, water percentage, generally decreased by folic applications. At most, pigments, total carbohydrates, nitrogen, protein and phenol increased while alkaloids decreased, in response to folic treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Folic treatments decreased alkaloids
- Taxon
- spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius)e0
- Treatment
- folic treatmentse1
- Outcome
- alkaloidse1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of three concentrations of folic acid (5,10&20 mM); through two applications, soaking or spraying on the growth and biological activities of spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius) during vegetative stage”
e1“Fresh and dry weight of the test plants either decrease or increase but, water percentage, generally decreased by folic applications. At most, pigments, total carbohydrates, nitrogen, protein and phenol increased while alkaloids decreased, in response to folic treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Folic acid decreased PPO activity in spinach
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of three concentrations of folic acid (5,10&20 mM); through two applications, soaking or spraying on the growth and biological activities of spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius) during vegetative stage”
e3“Treatment with folic acids decreased PPO and increased CAT and POX activity in Spinancia oleracea”
Claim · model-written summary
Folic acid increased CAT and POX activity in spinach
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of three concentrations of folic acid (5,10&20 mM); through two applications, soaking or spraying on the growth and biological activities of spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius) during vegetative stage”
e3“Treatment with folic acids decreased PPO and increased CAT and POX activity in Spinancia oleracea”
Claim · model-written summary
Folic acid did not change PPO activity in lettuce
- Taxon
- Lactuca sativa
Lactuca sativae4 - Treatment
- folic acide0
- Outcome
- PPO activitye4
- Direction
- no changee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of three concentrations of folic acid (5,10&20 mM); through two applications, soaking or spraying on the growth and biological activities of spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius) during vegetative stage”
e4“but in Lactuca sativa, no change detected in PPO activity but the of CAT and POX decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Folic acid decreased CAT and POX activity in lettuce
- Taxon
- Lactuca sativaLactuca sativae4
- Treatment
- folic acide0
- Outcome
- CAT and POXe4
- Direction
- decreasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of three concentrations of folic acid (5,10&20 mM); through two applications, soaking or spraying on the growth and biological activities of spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius) during vegetative stage”
e4“but in Lactuca sativa, no change detected in PPO activity but the of CAT and POX decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Folic treatment had little effect on PPO, CAT and POX in corchorus, with at most slight increases
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of three concentrations of folic acid (5,10&20 mM); through two applications, soaking or spraying on the growth and biological activities of spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius) during vegetative stage”
e5“In Chorchorus olitorius, treatment with folic, more or less have no change; or slightly increase the activity of PPO, CAT and POX compared to the control value”
Claim · model-written summary
Folic applications increased K, Ca and Mg content in the three plants
- Taxon
- spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius)e0
- Treatment
- folic applicationse6
- Outcome
- K, Ca & Mge6
- Direction
- increasee6
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of three concentrations of folic acid (5,10&20 mM); through two applications, soaking or spraying on the growth and biological activities of spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius) during vegetative stage”
e6“An increase in K, Ca & Mg and decrease in Na content in the three used plants was observed in response to folic applications”
Claim · model-written summary
Folic applications decreased Na content in the three plants
- Taxon
- spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius)e0
- Treatment
- folic applicationse6
- Outcome
- Na contente6
- Direction
- decreasee6
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of three concentrations of folic acid (5,10&20 mM); through two applications, soaking or spraying on the growth and biological activities of spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius) during vegetative stage”
e6“An increase in K, Ca & Mg and decrease in Na content in the three used plants was observed in response to folic applications”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spraying of folic acid was more effective than soaking pretreatment
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of three concentrations of folic acid (5,10&20 mM); through two applications, soaking or spraying on the growth and biological activities of spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius) during vegetative stage”
e7“Foliar application of folic acid (spraying) was most effective than pretreatments (soaking) also, the most response by folic addition was in case of Chorchorus olitorius”
Claim · model-written summary
The largest response to folic addition was in Chorchorus olitorius
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of three concentrations of folic acid (5,10&20 mM); through two applications, soaking or spraying on the growth and biological activities of spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius) during vegetative stage”
e7“Foliar application of folic acid (spraying) was most effective than pretreatments (soaking) also, the most response by folic addition was in case of Chorchorus olitorius”
Claim · model-written summary
Soaking seeds in folic acid changed soil texture from clay silty to clay loam
- Taxon
- spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius)e0
- Treatment
- soaking the seeds of the used plants in folic acide2
- Outcome
- Soil texturee2
- Direction
- changede2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of three concentrations of folic acid (5,10&20 mM); through two applications, soaking or spraying on the growth and biological activities of spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius) during vegetative stage”
e2“Soil texture changed from clay silty in the untreated plants into clay loam by soaking the seeds of the used plants in folic acid the water holding capacity and porosity decreased by folic acid treatments. Although pH, Cl, Na and Ca decreased by folic treatments, EC, organic matter, CaCO3, HCO3, SO4, K and Mg increased, as compared to the untreated soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Folic acid treatments decreased soil water holding capacity and porosity
- Taxon
- spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius)e0
- Treatment
- folic acid treatmentse2
- Outcome
- water holding capacity and porositye2
- Direction
- decreasede2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of three concentrations of folic acid (5,10&20 mM); through two applications, soaking or spraying on the growth and biological activities of spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius) during vegetative stage”
e2“Soil texture changed from clay silty in the untreated plants into clay loam by soaking the seeds of the used plants in folic acid the water holding capacity and porosity decreased by folic acid treatments. Although pH, Cl, Na and Ca decreased by folic treatments, EC, organic matter, CaCO3, HCO3, SO4, K and Mg increased, as compared to the untreated soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Folic treatments decreased soil pH, Cl, Na and Ca compared with untreated soil
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of three concentrations of folic acid (5,10&20 mM); through two applications, soaking or spraying on the growth and biological activities of spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius) during vegetative stage”
e2“Soil texture changed from clay silty in the untreated plants into clay loam by soaking the seeds of the used plants in folic acid the water holding capacity and porosity decreased by folic acid treatments. Although pH, Cl, Na and Ca decreased by folic treatments, EC, organic matter, CaCO3, HCO3, SO4, K and Mg increased, as compared to the untreated soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Folic treatments increased soil EC, organic matter and CaCO3 compared with untreated soil
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of three concentrations of folic acid (5,10&20 mM); through two applications, soaking or spraying on the growth and biological activities of spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius) during vegetative stage”
e2“Soil texture changed from clay silty in the untreated plants into clay loam by soaking the seeds of the used plants in folic acid the water holding capacity and porosity decreased by folic acid treatments. Although pH, Cl, Na and Ca decreased by folic treatments, EC, organic matter, CaCO3, HCO3, SO4, K and Mg increased, as compared to the untreated soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Folic treatments increased soil HCO3, SO4, K and Mg compared with untreated soil
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of three concentrations of folic acid (5,10&20 mM); through two applications, soaking or spraying on the growth and biological activities of spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius) during vegetative stage”
e2“Soil texture changed from clay silty in the untreated plants into clay loam by soaking the seeds of the used plants in folic acid the water holding capacity and porosity decreased by folic acid treatments. Although pH, Cl, Na and Ca decreased by folic treatments, EC, organic matter, CaCO3, HCO3, SO4, K and Mg increased, as compared to the untreated soil”