Abstract
Background: Pleioblastus amarus (Keng) Keng f. is widely distributed in southern China and serves as both a medicinal and edible resource. Flavonoids represent the main bioactive compounds in this species, contributing to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor activities. Methods: In this study, a targeted metabolomics approach based on liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) was applied to analyze 35 flavonoid compounds in dry leaf and shoot samples of P. amarus. The method demonstrated a detection limit (LOD) of X μg/g and a quantification limit (LOQ) of Y μg/g, with good linearity within the range of A to B μg/g for all compounds. Results: Twenty flavonoids were identified, with cynaroside being the most abundant in leaf samples (0.013 mg/g) and isovitexin being the most abundant in shoot samples (0.001 mg/g). The total flavonoid content in dry leaf (0.19 mg/g) was significantly higher than in dry shoot (0.022 mg/g). Multivariate statistical analyses revealed clear clustering and metabolic differences between the two tissues, and fifteen differential metabolites were identified by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). The correlation and pathway analyses suggested two distinct metabolic groups: one involving catechin, L-epicatechin, formononetin, and glycitin, and another centered on naringenin-derived metabolites. Conclusions: These findings provide new insights into tissue-specific flavonoid metabolism in P. amarus, highlighting distinct patterns in the leaves and shoots. By comparing flavonoid metabolism in other bamboo species, such as Phyllostachys edulis and Indocalamus, this study reveals both differences and similarities across species. It enhances our understanding of flavonoid synthesis and distribution in P. amarus and supports the development of flavonoid-based pharmaceuticals, offering valuable insights for further biochemical and pharmacological research on bamboo species.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Twenty flavonoids were identified in dry leaf and shoot samples of P. amarus.
- Taxon
- Pleioblastus amarus
_Figure_3b.jpg?width=60)
Pleioblastus amarust0 - Outcome
- flavonoids were identifiede0
- Value
- Twentye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Figure_3b.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Twenty flavonoids were identified”
t0“Pleioblastus amarus”
Claim · model-written summary
Cynaroside was the most abundant flavonoid in P. amarus leaf samples (0.013 mg/g).
- Taxon
- Pleioblastus amarusPleioblastus amarust0
- Organ / stage
- leaf samplese0
- Outcome
- cynaroside being the most abundante0
- Value
- 0.013 mg/ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cynaroside being the most abundant in leaf samples (0.013 mg/g)”
t0“Pleioblastus amarus”
Claim · model-written summary
Isovitexin was the most abundant flavonoid in P. amarus shoot samples (0.001 mg/g).
- Taxon
- Pleioblastus amarusPleioblastus amarust0
- Organ / stage
- shoot samplese0
- Outcome
- isovitexin being the most abundante0
- Value
- 0.001 mg/ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“isovitexin being the most abundant in shoot samples (0.001 mg/g)”
t0“Pleioblastus amarus”
Claim · model-written summary
Total flavonoid content was significantly higher in dry leaf (0.19 mg/g) than in dry shoot (0.022 mg/g) of P. amarus.
- Taxon
- Pleioblastus amarusPleioblastus amarust0
- Organ / stage
- dry leafe0
- Outcome
- total flavonoid contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 0.19 mg/ge0
- Qualifier
- 0.022 mg/ge0
- Comparator
- dry shoote0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The total flavonoid content in dry leaf (0.19 mg/g) was significantly higher than in dry shoot (0.022 mg/g)”
t0“Pleioblastus amarus”
Claim · model-written summary
Multivariate analyses showed clear clustering and metabolic differences between P. amarus leaf and shoot tissues.
- Taxon
- Pleioblastus amarusPleioblastus amarust0
- Organ / stage
- the two tissuese0
- Outcome
- clear clustering and metabolic differencese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Multivariate statistical analyses revealed clear clustering and metabolic differences between the two tissues”
t0“Pleioblastus amarus”
Claim · model-written summary
OPLS-DA identified fifteen differential metabolites between the tissues.
- Taxon
- Pleioblastus amarusPleioblastus amarust0
- Outcome
- differential metabolitese0
- Value
- fifteene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fifteen differential metabolites were identified by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis”
t0“Pleioblastus amarus”
Claim · model-written summary
Correlation and pathway analyses suggested two metabolic groups: one involving catechin, L-epicatechin, formononetin and glycitin, and another centered on naringenin-derived metabolites.
- Taxon
- Pleioblastus amarusPleioblastus amarust0
- Outcome
- two distinct metabolic groupse0
- Value
- twoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The correlation and pathway analyses suggested two distinct metabolic groups: one involving catechin, L-epicatechin, formononetin, and glycitin, and another centered on naringenin-derived metabolites”
t0“Pleioblastus amarus”