Abstract
To investigate the adaptability and efficacy of biogas residue soil conditioner in conjunction with other commercially available soil conditioners in arid conditions, a study was conducted using dryland maize as the experimental crop. Five treatments were implemented based on the “dry sowing and wet emergence” method for Xinjiang cotton: T1 with traditional fertilization, T2 with biogas residue soil conditioner, T3 with biogas residue soil conditioner and endophytic arbuscular mycorrhizal bacteria, T4 with commercial Fuli Bang soil conditioner, and T5 with commercial Tianji soil conditioner. Results indicated that the combined use of biogas residue particulate soil conditioner and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (T3) had the most positive effects. T3 treatment reduced soil bulk density, increased soil organic matter content, and enhanced rhizosphere microbial diversity. Compared to T1, T3 led to a decrease in soil bulk density by 8.89%, higher microbial diversity indices, and significant increases in plant height, stem diameter, and yield by 6.25%, 15.48%, and 37.43%, respectively. Moreover, T3 showed elevated antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD and POD) and lower malondialdehyde content, indicating enhanced stress resilience and root activity. T3 showed ideal balance in yield, aboveground growth, and root stress resilience. It also improved soil organic matter levels and structure, highlighting the significant potential of combining biogas residue soil conditioner and endophytic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to alleviate spring drought stress.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
T3 reduced soil bulk density.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T3 treatment reduced soil bulk density, increased soil organic matter content, and enhanced rhizosphere microbial diversity.”
t0“Dryland Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
T3 increased soil organic matter content.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T3 treatment reduced soil bulk density, increased soil organic matter content, and enhanced rhizosphere microbial diversity.”
t0“Dryland Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
T3 enhanced rhizosphere microbial diversity.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T3 treatment reduced soil bulk density, increased soil organic matter content, and enhanced rhizosphere microbial diversity.”
t0“Dryland Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative to T1, T3 changed soil bulk density by 8.89%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to T1, T3 led to a decrease in soil bulk density by 8.89%, higher microbial diversity indices, and significant increases in plant height, stem diameter, and yield by 6.25%, 15.48%, and 37.43%, respectively.”
t0“Dryland Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative to T1, T3 changed plant height by 6.25%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to T1, T3 led to a decrease in soil bulk density by 8.89%, higher microbial diversity indices, and significant increases in plant height, stem diameter, and yield by 6.25%, 15.48%, and 37.43%, respectively.”
t0“Dryland Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative to T1, T3 changed stem diameter by 15.48%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to T1, T3 led to a decrease in soil bulk density by 8.89%, higher microbial diversity indices, and significant increases in plant height, stem diameter, and yield by 6.25%, 15.48%, and 37.43%, respectively.”
t0“Dryland Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative to T1, T3 changed yield by 37.43%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to T1, T3 led to a decrease in soil bulk density by 8.89%, higher microbial diversity indices, and significant increases in plant height, stem diameter, and yield by 6.25%, 15.48%, and 37.43%, respectively.”
t0“Dryland Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
T3 produced higher microbial diversity indices than T1.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to T1, T3 led to a decrease in soil bulk density by 8.89%, higher microbial diversity indices, and significant increases in plant height, stem diameter, and yield by 6.25%, 15.48%, and 37.43%, respectively.”
t0“Dryland Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
T3 elevated SOD and POD antioxidant enzyme activities.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, T3 showed elevated antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD and POD) and lower malondialdehyde content, indicating enhanced stress resilience and root activity.”
t0“Dryland Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
T3 lowered malondialdehyde content.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, T3 showed elevated antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD and POD) and lower malondialdehyde content, indicating enhanced stress resilience and root activity.”
t0“Dryland Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined conditioner and fungi improved soil organic matter levels and structure.
- Treatment
- combining biogas residue soil conditioner and endophytic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungie0
- Interactor
- endophytic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungie0symbiont
- Outcome
- soil organic matter levels and structuree0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It also improved soil organic matter levels and structure, highlighting the significant potential of combining biogas residue soil conditioner and endophytic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to alleviate spring drought stress.”
t0“Dryland Maize”
The same questions in other papers
mycorrhiza · soil: chemistry · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- positive
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See all 17 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.