Abstract
Abstract— Cowpea (Vigna unguiculataL. Walp) is an important source of dietary protein for man, animals and improves soil fertility through biological nitrogen fixation. However, its production potential is limited by a number of factors, one which may be low availability of Nitrogen in the soil which could partly be due to the inadequate numbers of effective rhizobial strains in some soils to fix the required nitrogen. Evaluation of seven rhizobial strains was carried out on yield and yield parameters of cowpea variety IT99K573-1-1 during the cropping season. Prior to the commencement of the trial, soil samples were collected (0 -15cm2) from each filed and processed for routine soil analysis. The field trials were conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with nine treatments replicated at five different locations in Minna. Each of the treatment plots was 36m2 consisting of six manually made ridges of 6m long and an inter-ridge spacing of 80cm. The treatments were; control (no inoculation nor N fertilizer), 60kgNha-1, rhizobial inoculants strains 2NAG53e, 2NAG91a, 2NAG9d, 2NAG5261, CB756 (ref), BR3262(ref) and BR3267(ref). Cowpea seeds were mixed with the inoculants as treatment at planting. All plots received a dose of 30kgPha-1 (as Single Super Phosphate) at planting. Destructive sampling was done at 50% flowering to obtain data on number of nodules, nodules dry weight and shoot dry weight. Data was collected for Pod load, pod weight, 100 seed weight, and grain yield at full maturity. From the fertility and suitability rating all the fields had one or two limiting factor for crop production. There was a significant difference between 2NAG5261and the 60kgNha-1 treatment but all treatments were not significantly different from the control in terms of number of nodules. However, there was no significant difference at (P<0.05) in all inoculated plants, urea fertilized plants and the control. Statistically, there was also, no significant difference at (P<0.05) in all inoculated plants, urea fertilized plants and the control in terms of nodule dry weight. There was a significant different (P<0.05) between strain 2NAG9d and BR3267(ref) but there was no significant different between the control and all the inoculated plants in shoot dry weight. Higher mean value obtained from plants treated with 2NAG9d, indicated percentage increase in shoot dry weight but was not significantly different from the control and the urea supplied plants. Means of statistical analysis indicated no significant difference (P<0.05) for pod weight per plant among all the treatments and the control. The 60kgNha1 treatments, rhizobia strains CB756(ref), 2NAG91a 2NAG53e, and 2NAG9d gave the highest mean values of (1067.2kg, 883.9kg, 878.9kg, 832.8kg and 819.4kg) respectively which were more than the control that had a mean value of 769.4kg. Statistically, there was no significant difference between the control and other treatments. There was no response to inoculation in terms number of nodules, nodules dry weight, shoot dry weight, pod weight per plant, pod weight per kilogram per hectare, one hundred seed weight and total grain yield of IT99K-573-1-1 cowpea variety. The evaluation of these inoculants should also be conducted using other cowpea varieties and other legumes in other places outside Minna in order to capture the differences that may exist in physical, chemical and biological properties of soils because inability of cowpea to respond to inoculation could be attributed not only to the crop variety but also environmental conditions and can be site specific.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
2NAG5261 differed significantly in nodule number from the 60 kg N/ha treatment in cowpea.
- Taxon
- Cowpea
Vigna unguiculatae2 - Treatment
- 2NAG5261e1
- Interactor
- 2NAG5261e1symbiont
- Outcome
- number of nodulese1
- Comparator
- 60kgNha-1 treatmente1
- Setting
- five different locations in Minnae3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“There was a significant difference between 2NAG5261and the 60kgNha-1 treatment but all treatments were not significantly different from the control in terms of number of nodules”
e2“Cowpea (Vigna unguiculataL. Walp)”
e3“The field trials were conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with nine treatments replicated at five different locations in Minna”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain 2NAG9d differed significantly from strain BR3267(ref) in cowpea shoot dry weight.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatae2
- Treatment
- 2NAG9de1
- Interactor
- 2NAG9de1symbiont
- Outcome
- shoot dry weighte1
- Comparator
- BR3267(ref)e1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“There was a significant different (P<0.05) between strain 2NAG9d and BR3267(ref) but there was no significant different between the control and all the inoculated plants in shoot dry weight”
e2“Cowpea (Vigna unguiculataL. Walp)”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain 2NAG9d gave a non-significant percentage increase in cowpea shoot dry weight relative to the control.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatae2
- Treatment
- 2NAG9de1
- Interactor
- 2NAG9de1symbiont
- Outcome
- shoot dry weighte1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Comparator
- the controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Higher mean value obtained from plants treated with 2NAG9d, indicated percentage increase in shoot dry weight but was not significantly different from the control and the urea supplied plants”
e2“Cowpea (Vigna unguiculataL. Walp)”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated cowpea plants did not differ from the control in nodule dry weight.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatae2
- Treatment
- inoculated plantse1
- Outcome
- nodule dry weighte1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
- Comparator
- the controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“no significant difference at (P<0.05) in all inoculated plants, urea fertilized plants and the control in terms of nodule dry weight”
e2“Cowpea (Vigna unguiculataL. Walp)”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated cowpea plants did not differ from the control in number of nodules.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatae2
- Treatment
- all treatmentse1
- Outcome
- number of nodulese1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
- Comparator
- the controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“There was a significant difference between 2NAG5261and the 60kgNha-1 treatment but all treatments were not significantly different from the control in terms of number of nodules”
e2“Cowpea (Vigna unguiculataL. Walp)”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation did not change cowpea pod weight per plant relative to the control.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatae2
- Treatment
- all the treatmentse1
- Outcome
- pod weight per plante1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
- Comparator
- the controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Means of statistical analysis indicated no significant difference (P<0.05) for pod weight per plant among all the treatments and the control”
e2“Cowpea (Vigna unguiculataL. Walp)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 60 kg N/ha treatment and four rhizobial strains gave higher mean values than the control in cowpea, without a significant difference.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatae2
- Treatment
- 60kgNha1 treatments, rhizobia strains CB756(ref), 2NAG91a 2NAG53e, and 2NAG9de1
- Outcome
- mean valuese1
- Direction
- more thane1
- Value
- 1067.2kg, 883.9kg, 878.9kg, 832.8kg and 819.4kge1
- Comparator
- the controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The 60kgNha1 treatments, rhizobia strains CB756(ref), 2NAG91a 2NAG53e, and 2NAG9d gave the highest mean values of (1067.2kg, 883.9kg, 878.9kg, 832.8kg and 819.4kg) respectively which were more than the control that had a mean value of 769.4kg”
e2“Cowpea (Vigna unguiculataL. Walp)”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation gave no response in cowpea pod weight per kilogram per hectare, 100-seed weight and total grain yield.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae1
- Treatment
- inoculatione1
- Outcome
- pod weight per kilogram per hectare, one hundred seed weight and total grain yielde1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
- Comparator
- control (no inoculation nor N fertilizer)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“There was no response to inoculation in terms number of nodules, nodules dry weight, shoot dry weight, pod weight per plant, pod weight per kilogram per hectare, one hundred seed weight and total grain yield of IT99K-573-1-1 cowpea variety”
e2“control (no inoculation nor N fertilizer)”
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