Abstract
Coastal rice fields often have sandy textures, high salinity, low organic matter, and frequent waterlogging caused by seawater intrusion. These conditions, together with fluctuating rainfall, alter soil chemical properties and negatively affect crop cultivation. This study aimed to evaluate soil chemical properties, assess water quality, and analyze their relationship with rice productivity in the coastal rice fields of Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia. Composite soil samples were collected from areas of 5-7 ha and analyzed for their chemical properties. Water quality was assessed based on the levels of dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrate, phosphate, electrical conductivity (EC), and pH. Data were analyzed descriptively, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to group the sampling points. The results showed that organic C and total N were low to moderate, while available-Si and exchangeable K+ were very low. In contrast, P?O?, exchangeable Na+, and exchangeable Mg2+ were very high, whereas cation exchange capacity (CEC) and exchangeable Ca2+ were low to moderate. Based on EC and water table depth, PCA grouped the 20 sampling points into three clusters: high salinity (points 16-19), waterlogging (points 2-7), and relatively normal conditions (points 1, 8-15, 20). Average rice productivity was 2.48 t ha-1 in cluster 1, less than 1 t ha-1 in cluster 2, and 3,63 t ha-1 in cluster 3. These findings highlight the need for site-specific land and water management strategies to sustain rice cultivation in coastal areas.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Organic C and total N in the rice field soils were low to moderate.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Outcome
- organic C and total Ne0
- Direction
- low to moderatee0
- Setting
- coastal fields of Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesiat0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“organic C and total N were low to moderate”
t0“rice productivity in the coastal fields of Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia”
Claim · model-written summary
Available Si and exchangeable K+ in the rice field soils were very low.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- available-Si and exchangeable K+e0
- Direction
- very lowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“available-Si and exchangeable K+ were very low”
t0“rice productivity in the coastal fields of Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia”
Claim · model-written summary
P?O?, exchangeable Na+, and exchangeable Mg2+ in the rice field soils were very high.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- P?O?, exchangeable Na+, and exchangeable Mg2+e0
- Direction
- very highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P?O?, exchangeable Na+, and exchangeable Mg2+ were very high”
t0“rice productivity in the coastal fields of Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia”
Claim · model-written summary
CEC and exchangeable Ca2+ in the rice field soils were low to moderate.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- cation exchange capacity (CEC) and exchangeable Ca2+e0
- Direction
- low to moderatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cation exchange capacity (CEC) and exchangeable Ca2+ were low to moderate”
t0“rice productivity in the coastal fields of Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia”
Claim · model-written summary
PCA grouped 20 rice field sampling points into high salinity, waterlogging, and relatively normal clusters.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- three clusterse0
- Value
- 20 sampling pointse0
- Qualifier
- high salinity (points 16-19), waterlogging (points 2-7), and relatively normal conditions (points 1, 8-15, 20)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PCA grouped the 20 sampling points into three clusters: high salinity (points 16-19), waterlogging (points 2-7), and relatively normal conditions (points 1, 8-15, 20)”
t0“rice productivity in the coastal fields of Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia”
Claim · model-written summary
Average rice productivity was 2.48 t ha-1 in cluster 1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- rice productivitye0
- Value
- 2.48 t ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- cluster 1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Average rice productivity was 2.48 t ha-1 in cluster 1”
Claim · model-written summary
Average rice productivity was less than 1 t ha-1 in cluster 2.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- rice productivityt0
- Value
- less than 1 t ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- cluster 2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“less than 1 t ha-1 in cluster 2”
t0“rice productivity in the coastal fields of Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia”
Claim · model-written summary
Average rice productivity was 3,63 t ha-1 in cluster 3.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- rice productivityt0
- Value
- 3,63 t ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- cluster 3e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“3,63 t ha-1 in cluster 3”
t0“rice productivity in the coastal fields of Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend site-specific land and water management to sustain coastal rice cultivation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- site-specific land and water management strategiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“site-specific land and water management strategies to sustain rice cultivation in coastal areas”