Abstract
Barley is a staple food and plays a crucial role in the agricultural economy of the Ethiopian highlands. This research presents a comprehensive study on the genetic variability of barley genotypes, focusing on their yield‐related and phenological traits. During the 2022/2023 cropping season, a total of 313 barley genotypes were evaluated in four locations with an Augmented Randomized Complete Block Design (Augmented RCBD) with a single‐row 2 m 2 plot spaced 0.30 m apart over three blocks with replication of checks across all blocks. Principal component analysis (PCA) results indicated that 73.36% of the diversity came from the first four PCs. A very high to moderately high heritability in a broad sense ( H 2 b ), together with high to moderate genetic advance (GA) as percent of mean (GAM), was recorded for number of seeds per spike (NSPS) ( H 2 b = 81.02%; GAM = 51.60%), number of fertile tillers per plant (NFTPP) ( H 2 b = 69.82%; GAM = 30.55%), spike length (SL) ( H 2 b = 56.06%; GAM = 12.78), and thousand seeds weight (TSW) ( H 2 b = 66.22 %; GAM = 10.56%). The experimental materials were categorized into five clusters, where 87.22 % of the genotypes (273) fall in clusters I (163, 52.07%), II (78, 24.92%), and I (39, 12.46%). Genotypes T35 (3400), T73 (4305), T82 (4849), T123 (208857), T157 (219020), T316 (Aruso), T317 (Abdanie), T173 (219599), T176 (219772) from cluster II, and T47 (3611) of cluster V exhibited early days of heading (DH) and maturity with grain yield (GY) above the overall mean, making them suitable choice for areas facing challenges of sufficient amount of rainfall during cropping seasons. From the result of this investigation, breeder of interest should concentrate on traits that showed very high to moderately high heritability in a broad sense ( H 2 b ) together with high to moderate GAM that will be helpful to develop better genotypes for barley yield improvement.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
The first four principal components captured 73.36% of barley diversity.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree1 - Outcome
- diversitye0
- Value
- 73.36%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“73.36% of the diversity came from the first four PCs.”
e1“genetic variability of barley genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Seeds per spike had broad sense heritability of 81.02% and genetic advance of 51.60%.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Outcome
- number of seeds per spike (NSPS)e0
- Value
- 81.02%; GAM = 51.60%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“number of seeds per spike (NSPS) ( H 2 b = 81.02%; GAM = 51.60%)”
e1“genetic variability of barley genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertile tillers per plant had broad sense heritability of 69.82% and genetic advance of 30.55%.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Outcome
- number of fertile tillers per plant (NFTPP)e0
- Value
- 69.82%; GAM = 30.55%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“number of fertile tillers per plant (NFTPP) ( H 2 b = 69.82%; GAM = 30.55%)”
e1“genetic variability of barley genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Spike length had broad sense heritability of 56.06% and genetic advance of 12.78.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Outcome
- spike length (SL)e0
- Value
- 56.06%; GAM = 12.78e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spike length (SL) ( H 2 b = 56.06%; GAM = 12.78)”
e1“genetic variability of barley genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Thousand seed weight had broad sense heritability of 66.22% and genetic advance of 10.56%.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Outcome
- thousand seeds weight (TSW)e0
- Value
- 66.22 %; GAM = 10.56%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“thousand seeds weight (TSW) ( H 2 b = 66.22 %; GAM = 10.56%)”
e1“genetic variability of barley genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
The barley materials were grouped into five clusters.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Outcome
- five clusterse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The experimental materials were categorized into five clusters”
e1“genetic variability of barley genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Listed barley genotypes from cluster II flowered and matured early while exceeding mean grain yield.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Outcome
- early days of heading (DH) and maturity with grain yield (GY) above the overall meane0
- Direction
- abovee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Genotypes T35 (3400), T73 (4305), T82 (4849), T123 (208857), T157 (219020), T316 (Aruso), T317 (Abdanie), T173 (219599), T176 (219772) from cluster II, and T47 (3611) of cluster V exhibited early days of heading (DH) and maturity with grain yield (GY) above the overall mean”
e1“genetic variability of barley genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Breeders are advised to focus on highly heritable traits with moderate to high genetic advance.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Outcome
- barley yield improvemente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“breeder of interest should concentrate on traits that showed very high to moderately high heritability in a broad sense ( H 2 b ) together with high to moderate GAM that will be helpful to develop better genotypes for barley yield improvement.”