Abstract
Introduction: Flavonoid metabolism innovation is critical for seed plants' terrestrial adaptation. Three key 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase (2ODD) families-F3H, ANS, FLS-underpin flavonoid biosynthesis, but their evolutionary diversification mechanisms remain unclear. Methods: Comprehensive analyses were performed across 238 seed plant genomes, including phylogenetic/collinearity analyses, conserved motif detection, duplication-type classification, selection pressure assessment, and Brassica napus promoter/expression profiling. Results: These families originated from a common ancestral gene (ancestor X) and diversified via multiple duplications (TRD/WGD as primary drivers). Their evolution aligns with the EAC model, with subfunctionalization resolving ancestral multifunctionality. Structural conservation and lineage-specific motif variations support functional differentiation, and purifying selection predominates. Discussion: Our findings clarify the molecular evolutionary mechanisms of flavonoid pathway diversification, providing novel insights into the origin of flavonol and anthocyanin biosynthesis in seed plants.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
F3H, ANS and FLS families originated from a common ancestral gene in seed plants.
- Taxon
- seed plantsSpermatophytat0
- Gene
- F3H, ANS, FLSe1
- Outcome
- originated from a common ancestral genee2
- Qualifier
- ancestor Xe2
Verbatim
t0“Genomic analyses of 238 seed plants reveal the evolutionary mechanisms driving specialization of F3H, ANS, and FLS in flavonoid biosynthesis”
e1“Three key 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase (2ODD) families-F3H, ANS, FLS”
e2“These families originated from a common ancestral gene (ancestor X) and diversified via multiple duplications (TRD/WGD as primary drivers)”
Claim · model-written summary
F3H, ANS and FLS families diversified via multiple duplications, with TRD and WGD as primary drivers.
- Taxon
- seed plantsSpermatophytat0
- Outcome
- diversified via multiple duplicationse2
- Qualifier
- TRD/WGD as primary driverse2
Verbatim
t0“Genomic analyses of 238 seed plants reveal the evolutionary mechanisms driving specialization of F3H, ANS, and FLS in flavonoid biosynthesis”
e2“These families originated from a common ancestral gene (ancestor X) and diversified via multiple duplications (TRD/WGD as primary drivers)”
Claim · model-written summary
Evolution of these families aligns with the EAC model.
- Taxon
- seed plantsSpermatophytat0
- Outcome
- evolutione3
- Qualifier
- aligns with the EAC modele3
Verbatim
t0“Genomic analyses of 238 seed plants reveal the evolutionary mechanisms driving specialization of F3H, ANS, and FLS in flavonoid biosynthesis”
e3“Their evolution aligns with the EAC model, with subfunctionalization resolving ancestral multifunctionality”
Claim · model-written summary
Subfunctionalization resolved ancestral multifunctionality in these families.
- Taxon
- seed plantsSpermatophytat0
- Outcome
- resolving ancestral multifunctionalitye3
- Qualifier
- subfunctionalizatione3
Verbatim
t0“Genomic analyses of 238 seed plants reveal the evolutionary mechanisms driving specialization of F3H, ANS, and FLS in flavonoid biosynthesis”
e3“Their evolution aligns with the EAC model, with subfunctionalization resolving ancestral multifunctionality”
Claim · model-written summary
Structural conservation and lineage-specific motif variations support functional differentiation of these families.
- Taxon
- seed plantsSpermatophytat0
- Outcome
- functional differentiatione4
- Qualifier
- Structural conservation and lineage-specific motif variationse4
Verbatim
t0“Genomic analyses of 238 seed plants reveal the evolutionary mechanisms driving specialization of F3H, ANS, and FLS in flavonoid biosynthesis”
e4“Structural conservation and lineage-specific motif variations support functional differentiation, and purifying selection predominates”
Claim · model-written summary
Purifying selection predominates in these flavonoid-related 2ODD families.
- Taxon
- seed plantsSpermatophytat0
- Outcome
- purifying selection predominatese4
Verbatim
t0“Genomic analyses of 238 seed plants reveal the evolutionary mechanisms driving specialization of F3H, ANS, and FLS in flavonoid biosynthesis”
e4“Structural conservation and lineage-specific motif variations support functional differentiation, and purifying selection predominates”