Abstract
Acanthophyllum elatius , a species native to the Irano–Turanian region and belonging to the Caryophyllaceae family, represents a potential source of triterpenoid saponins of interest for natural surfactant applications. This study focuses on the characterization of A. elatiu s roots and to evaluate the surface-related and biological activities of the resulting saponin-rich extract. Saponins were extracted from the roots of A. elatius using a green ultrasound-assisted extraction method, and their chemical profile was characterized for the first time by LC–ESI–MS analysis. In addition, foaming and emulsifying indices, as well as antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the saponin-rich extract, were assessed under defined experimental conditions. A total of 113 oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins were tentatively identified, with gypsogenin-derived aglycones being the dominant class. The extract exhibited noticeable foaming and emulsifying behavior, along with moderate antibacterial and antioxidant activity. Overall, these findings highlight A. elatius as a novel and renewable source of structurally diverse saponins with potential relevance for bio-based surfactant applications in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical formulations.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
LC-ESI-MS tentatively identified 113 oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins in Acanthophyllum elatius roots.
- Taxon
- Acanthophyllum elatius
.jpg?width=60)
Acanthophyllum elatiust0 - Organ / stage
- rootst0
- Outcome
- oleanane-type triterpenoid saponinse0
- Value
- 113e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Acanthophyllum elatius roots”
e0“A total of 113 oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins were tentatively identified”
Claim · model-written summary
Gypsogenin-derived aglycones were the dominant class among the saponins of Acanthophyllum elatius roots.
- Taxon
- Acanthophyllum elatiusAcanthophyllum elatiust0
- Organ / stage
- rootst0
- Outcome
- gypsogenin-derived aglycones being the dominant classe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Acanthophyllum elatius roots”
e1“with gypsogenin-derived aglycones being the dominant class”
Claim · model-written summary
The saponin-rich extract showed noticeable foaming and emulsifying behavior.
- Taxon
- Acanthophyllum elatiusAcanthophyllum elatiust0
- Outcome
- foaming and emulsifying behaviore2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Acanthophyllum elatius roots”
e2“The extract exhibited noticeable foaming and emulsifying behavior”
Claim · model-written summary
The extract showed moderate antibacterial and antioxidant activity.
- Taxon
- Acanthophyllum elatiusAcanthophyllum elatiust0
- Outcome
- antibacterial and antioxidant activitye3
- Qualifier
- moderatee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Acanthophyllum elatius roots”
e3“along with moderate antibacterial and antioxidant activity”