Abstract
Abstract BACKGROUND Microgreens have emerged as a promising crop in vertical farming due to their high nutritional value and short growth cycles. Light spectrum and intensity are critical factors influencing biomass production and metabolic activity in plants, particularly in controlled environments such as vertical farming systems. This study aimed to evaluate the combined effects of light spectrum and intensity on the agronomic traits and metabolite profiles of green and purple radish ( Raphanus sativus L.) microgreens. RESULTS Three commercial LED spectra – NS12 (R:B = 1.9), Ph2.1 (R:B = 2.1) and AP673L (R:B = 5.5) – were tested at three intensities (100, 200, and 300 μmol m −2 s −1 ) in a controlled vertical farming system. Growth parameters (yield, dry matter percentage (DMP), leaf area), photosynthetic pigments, sugars, organic acids, and glucosinolates were quantified. The highest R:B ratio (5.5) under the AP673L lamp at 300 μmol m −2 s −1 significantly enhanced yield and DMP in both cultivars, while the lowest R:B ratio observed in the NS12 lamp at the same intensity maximized sugar and organic acid accumulation in green microgreens. Glucosinolate content was spectrum‐ and cultivar‐dependent: green radish accumulated higher levels under the lowest R:B ratio (NS12), whereas purple radish responded better to the R:B = 2.1 ratio under the Ph2.1 lamp at lower intensities. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that optimal light strategies in vertical farming must be tailored to specific microgreen genotypes and light conditions to simultaneously maximize productivity and nutritional quality. © 2026 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
The highest R:B ratio (5.5) under the AP673L lamp at 300 μmol m −2 s −1 significantly enhanced yield and dry matter percentage in both radish cultivars.
- Taxon
- radish
Raphanus sativust0 - Treatment
- The highest R:B ratio (5.5) under the AP673L lamp at 300 μmol m −2 s −1e0
- Outcome
- yield and DMPe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest R:B ratio (5.5) under the AP673L lamp at 300 μmol m −2 s −1 significantly enhanced yield and DMP in both cultivars”
t0“radish”
Claim · model-written summary
The lowest R:B ratio under the NS12 lamp at the same intensity maximized sugar and organic acid accumulation in green radish microgreens.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativust0
- Material
- greene0
- Treatment
- lowest R:B ratio observed in the NS12 lampe0
- Outcome
- sugar and organic acid accumulatione0
- Direction
- maximizede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest R:B ratio observed in the NS12 lamp at the same intensity maximized sugar and organic acid accumulation in green microgreens”
t0“radish”
Claim · model-written summary
Green radish accumulated higher glucosinolate levels under the lowest R:B ratio (NS12).
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativust0
- Material
- green radishe1
- Treatment
- lowest R:B ratio (NS12)e1
- Outcome
- Glucosinolate contente0
- Direction
- highere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glucosinolate content”
e1“green radish accumulated higher levels under the lowest R:B ratio (NS12)”
t0“radish”
Claim · model-written summary
Purple radish responded better, in glucosinolate content, to the R:B = 2.1 ratio under the Ph2.1 lamp at lower intensities.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativust0
- Material
- purple radishe1
- Treatment
- R:B = 2.1 ratio under the Ph2.1 lamp at lower intensitiese1
- Outcome
- Glucosinolate contente0
- Direction
- bettere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glucosinolate content”
e1“purple radish responded better to the R:B = 2.1 ratio under the Ph2.1 lamp at lower intensities”
t0“radish”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimal light strategies in vertical farming must be tailored to specific microgreen genotypes and light conditions to maximize productivity and nutritional quality.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativust0
- Outcome
- optimal light strategiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“optimal light strategies in vertical farming must be tailored to specific microgreen genotypes and light conditions”
t0“radish”