Abstract
Parental row ratios changed pollen spread, altering the sterile-line seed set rate. Pollination effectiveness outweighs more than pollen amount in mechanized seed set. Florets with pollen on single stigmas contributed over 50% of total seed set. Mechanized seed production with a large restorer-to-sterile parental row ratio is a developmental trend; however, the effects of different parental row ratios on spikelet pollination effectiveness and seed-setting rates remain unclear. In this study, a single-factor randomized block experiment was conducted in Sichuan, China, to evaluate the influence of parental row ratio designs on spikelet pollination effectiveness and seed-setting rate in sterile lines under unmanned aerial vehicle-assisted pollination conditions. In 2021 and 2022, R2 treatment significantly reduced the number of pollen grains and pollen grain number per spikelet position in the middle (M) and far (F) rows of the plot. However, this treatment yielded a significantly higher pollination rate of exposed stigma florets at each spikelet position in the near (N) and middle rows when compared to the results of the R1 and R3 treatments, resulting in a greater seed-setting rate. The number of pollen grains per stigma (1–3) did not significantly differ among the R1, R2, and R3 patterns in 2022. Over 50% of successfully pollinated florets had pollen loaded on a single stigma. In the C1 combination, the seed-setting rate of R2 increased by 43.07% ( vs . R1) and 34.23% ( vs . R3), with yield increases of 42.35% ( vs . R1) and 18.53% ( vs . R3). In the C2 combination, R2 seed-setting rate increased by 13.75% ( vs . R1) and 34.62% ( vs . R3), with final yield increases by 14.87% ( vs . R1) and 29.80% ( vs . R3). The R2 pattern reduced pollen loss by optimizing the matching degree between pollination wind field and parental strip width, providing a stable pollen supply for the sterile lines (N, M). This supply enhanced stigma pollen capture, thereby significantly increasing floret pollination rates, seed-setting rates, and yield. This study provides a theoretical basis and practical guidance for pollination strategies and optimization of parental row ratios in mechanized seed production.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Parental row ratios changed pollen spread, which altered the sterile-line seed set rate in hybrid rice seed production.
- Taxon
- hybrid rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- Parental row ratiose0
- Outcome
- pollen spreade0
- Direction
- changede0
- Qualifier
- altering the sterile-line seed set ratee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“hybrid rice”
e0“Parental row ratios changed pollen spread, altering the sterile-line seed set rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Pollination effectiveness outweighed pollen amount in determining seed set in mechanized hybrid rice seed production.
- Taxon
- hybrid riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- seed sete0
- Qualifier
- Pollination effectiveness outweighs more than pollen amounte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“hybrid rice”
e0“Pollination effectiveness outweighs more than pollen amount in mechanized seed set”
Claim · model-written summary
Florets with pollen on single stigmas contributed over 50% of total seed set.
- Taxon
- hybrid riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- total seed sete0
- Value
- over 50%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“hybrid rice”
e0“Florets with pollen on single stigmas contributed over 50% of total seed set”
Claim · model-written summary
The R2 treatment significantly reduced the number of pollen grains, and pollen grain number per spikelet position, in the middle and far rows of the plot (2021 and 2022).
- Taxon
- hybrid riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- R2 treatmente0
- Outcome
- number of pollen grainse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- in the middle (M) and far (F) rows of the plote0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“hybrid rice”
e0“R2 treatment significantly reduced the number of pollen grains and pollen grain number per spikelet position in the middle (M) and far (F) rows of the plot”
Claim · model-written summary
The R2 treatment gave a significantly higher pollination rate of exposed stigma florets at each spikelet position in the near and middle rows than the R1 and R3 treatments, resulting in a greater seed-setting rate.
- Taxon
- hybrid riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- R2 treatmente0
- Outcome
- pollination rate of exposed stigma floretse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- in the near (N) and middle rowse0
- Comparator
- R1 and R3 treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“hybrid rice”
e0“R2 treatment significantly reduced the number of pollen grains and pollen grain number per spikelet position in the middle (M) and far (F) rows of the plot. However, this treatment yielded a significantly higher pollination rate of exposed stigma florets at each spikelet position in the near (N) and middle rows when compared to the results of the R1 and R3 treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
The number of pollen grains per stigma (1-3) did not differ significantly among the R1, R2 and R3 row-ratio patterns in 2022.
- Taxon
- hybrid riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- R1, R2, and R3 patternse0
- Outcome
- number of pollen grains per stigmae0
- Direction
- did not significantly differe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“hybrid rice”
e0“The number of pollen grains per stigma (1–3) did not significantly differ among the R1, R2, and R3 patterns in 2022”
Claim · model-written summary
Over 50% of successfully pollinated florets had pollen loaded on a single stigma.
- Taxon
- hybrid riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- successfully pollinated florets had pollen loaded on a single stigmae0
- Value
- Over 50%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“hybrid rice”
e0“Over 50% of successfully pollinated florets had pollen loaded on a single stigma”
Claim · model-written summary
In combination C1, the seed-setting rate of R2 increased by 43.07% compared with R1.
- Taxon
- hybrid riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- C1 combinatione0
- Treatment
- R2e0
- Outcome
- seed-setting ratee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 43.07%e0
- Comparator
- R1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“hybrid rice”
e0“In the C1 combination, the seed-setting rate of R2 increased by 43.07% ( vs . R1)”
Claim · model-written summary
In combination C1, the seed-setting rate of R2 increased by 34.23% compared with R3.
- Taxon
- hybrid riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- C1 combinatione0
- Treatment
- R2e0
- Outcome
- seed-setting ratee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 34.23%e0
- Comparator
- R3e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“hybrid rice”
e0“In the C1 combination, the seed-setting rate of R2 increased by 43.07% ( vs . R1) and 34.23% ( vs . R3)”
Claim · model-written summary
In combination C1, the yield of R2 increased by 42.35% compared with R1.
- Taxon
- hybrid riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- C1 combinatione0
- Treatment
- R2e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 42.35%e0
- Comparator
- R1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“hybrid rice”
e0“In the C1 combination, the seed-setting rate of R2 increased by 43.07% ( vs . R1) and 34.23% ( vs . R3), with yield increases of 42.35% ( vs . R1)”
Claim · model-written summary
In combination C1, the yield of R2 increased by 18.53% compared with R3.
- Taxon
- hybrid riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- C1 combinatione0
- Treatment
- R2e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 18.53%e0
- Comparator
- R3e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“hybrid rice”
e0“In the C1 combination, the seed-setting rate of R2 increased by 43.07% ( vs . R1) and 34.23% ( vs . R3), with yield increases of 42.35% ( vs . R1) and 18.53% ( vs . R3)”
Claim · model-written summary
In combination C2, the seed-setting rate of R2 increased by 13.75% compared with R1.
- Taxon
- hybrid riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- C2 combinatione0
- Treatment
- R2e0
- Outcome
- seed-setting ratee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 13.75%e0
- Comparator
- R1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“hybrid rice”
e0“In the C2 combination, R2 seed-setting rate increased by 13.75% ( vs . R1)”
Claim · model-written summary
In combination C2, the seed-setting rate of R2 increased by 34.62% compared with R3.
- Taxon
- hybrid riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- C2 combinatione0
- Treatment
- R2e0
- Outcome
- seed-setting ratee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 34.62%e0
- Comparator
- R3e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“hybrid rice”
e0“In the C2 combination, R2 seed-setting rate increased by 13.75% ( vs . R1) and 34.62% ( vs . R3)”
Claim · model-written summary
In combination C2, the final yield of R2 increased by 14.87% compared with R1.
- Taxon
- hybrid riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- C2 combinatione0
- Treatment
- R2e0
- Outcome
- final yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 14.87%e0
- Comparator
- R1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“hybrid rice”
e0“In the C2 combination, R2 seed-setting rate increased by 13.75% ( vs . R1) and 34.62% ( vs . R3), with final yield increases by 14.87% ( vs . R1)”
Claim · model-written summary
In combination C2, the final yield of R2 increased by 29.80% compared with R3.
- Taxon
- hybrid riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- C2 combinatione0
- Treatment
- R2e0
- Outcome
- final yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 29.80%e0
- Comparator
- R3e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“hybrid rice”
e0“In the C2 combination, R2 seed-setting rate increased by 13.75% ( vs . R1) and 34.62% ( vs . R3), with final yield increases by 14.87% ( vs . R1) and 29.80% ( vs . R3)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors assert that the R2 pattern reduced pollen loss by optimizing the match between the pollination wind field and parental strip width.
- Taxon
- hybrid riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- R2 patterne0
- Outcome
- pollen losse0
- Qualifier
- optimizing the matching degree between pollination wind field and parental strip widthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“hybrid rice”
e0“The R2 pattern reduced pollen loss by optimizing the matching degree between pollination wind field and parental strip width”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors assert that the stable pollen supply enhanced stigma pollen capture, thereby significantly increasing floret pollination rates, seed-setting rates and yield.
- Taxon
- hybrid riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- floret pollination rates, seed-setting rates, and yielde0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Qualifier
- enhanced stigma pollen capturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“hybrid rice”
e0“This supply enhanced stigma pollen capture, thereby significantly increasing floret pollination rates, seed-setting rates, and yield”