Abstract
Strawberry powdery mildew, caused by Podosphaera aphanis , is a major disease of strawberry, capable of leading to yield losses of up to 70%. Its management typically relies on frequent chemical fungicide applications due to the extended infection window of the pathogen. Podosphaera aphanis overwinters as mycelium and chasmothecia on infected plant material, which may act as primary inoculum in spring. This two-year study investigated the effectiveness of post-winter removal of infected leaf and plant debris in disease control and quantified the role of chasmothecia in early season infection under high-tunnel conditions. Complete removal of infected tissues delayed disease onset and reduced severity by up to 88%. In the two years, chasmothecium formation increased in late summer following 8 and 16 cumulative hours below 13 °C, respectively. In spring, ascosporic infection events occurred after the accumulation of 21 and 18 cumulative hours with temperatures above 10 °C combined with at least two consecutive hours of leaf wetness, consistently with previous findings. The efficacy of the sanitation practice was further supported by excluding the possibility that chasmothecia and/or chasmothecia on debris fragments potentially fallen into the substrate could trigger infection. In addition, we investigated the timing of ascospore-derived infections by monitoring disease progression on individual leaves. Infection rate was quantified across different leaf ages to assess their role in epidemic development and their potential contribution to secondary inoculum. The highest infection rate was observed on 15-day-old class age, with a crucial role in supporting early pathogen development. These results indicate the importance of sanitation practices, such as overwintering infected leaf removal in reducing early-season infections and informing more targeted control strategies.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Complete removal of infected tissues delayed strawberry powdery mildew onset.
- Taxon
- strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassat0 - Treatment
- Complete removal of infected tissuese0
- Interactor
- powdery mildewt0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease onsete0
- Direction
- delayede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“strawberry powdery mildew”
e0“Complete removal of infected tissues delayed disease onset and reduced severity by up to 88%”
Claim · model-written summary
Complete removal of infected tissues reduced disease severity by up to 88%.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Complete removal of infected tissuese0
- Interactor
- powdery mildewt0pathogen
- Outcome
- severitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- up to 88%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“strawberry powdery mildew”
e0“Complete removal of infected tissues delayed disease onset and reduced severity by up to 88%”
Claim · model-written summary
Chasmothecium formation increased in late summer following 8 and 16 cumulative hours below 13 C in the two years.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Interactor
- powdery mildewt0pathogen
- Outcome
- chasmothecium formatione1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 8 and 16 cumulative hours below 13 °Ce1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“strawberry powdery mildew”
e1“In the two years, chasmothecium formation increased in late summer following 8 and 16 cumulative hours below 13 °C, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
In spring, ascosporic infection events occurred after 21 and 18 cumulative hours above 10 C combined with at least two consecutive hours of leaf wetness.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Interactor
- powdery mildewt0pathogen
- Outcome
- ascosporic infection eventse2
- Value
- 21 and 18 cumulative hourse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“strawberry powdery mildew”
e2“In spring, ascosporic infection events occurred after the accumulation of 21 and 18 cumulative hours with temperatures above 10 °C combined with at least two consecutive hours of leaf wetness”
Claim · model-written summary
Chasmothecia, alone or on debris fragments fallen into the substrate, were excluded as triggers of infection, supporting the sanitation practice.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Interactor
- powdery mildewt0pathogen
- Outcome
- could trigger infectione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“strawberry powdery mildew”
e3“excluding the possibility that chasmothecia and/or chasmothecia on debris fragments potentially fallen into the substrate could trigger infection”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest infection rate was observed on 15-day-old class age leaves.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Organ / stage
- 15-day-old class agee4
- Interactor
- powdery mildewt0pathogen
- Outcome
- infection ratee4
- Direction
- higheste4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“strawberry powdery mildew”
e4“The highest infection rate was observed on 15-day-old class age”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that sanitation such as removing overwintering infected leaves reduces early-season infections.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- overwintering infected leaf removale5
- Interactor
- powdery mildewt0pathogen
- Outcome
- reducing early-season infectionse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“strawberry powdery mildew”
e5“These results indicate the importance of sanitation practices, such as overwintering infected leaf removal in reducing early-season infections”